Bérdi Márk
1 Alapítvány az Öngyilkosság Ellen, Péterfy Sándor Utcai Kórház, Krízis Intervenciós és Pszichiátriai Osztály Budapest, Alsóerdősor u. 7., 1074 Magyarország.
Orv Hetil. 2022 Jul 10;163(28):1095-1104. doi: 10.1556/650.2022.32514.
Suicide is still a leading cause of death globally and in Hungary. However, we still know little about when and what factors affect the transition from suicide ideation to attempt. The vast majority of people who experience suicidal thoughts would never actually attempt suicide. The most oft-cited psychiatric and psychological risk factors are lim-ited in explaining the transition from ideation to action. Fortunately, in recent years there have been developments in suicide theory that might affect our understanding and prevention of suicide behavior. In this conceptual review, the author describes a new paradigm in suicidology, the ideation-to-action framework. The premises of this novel paradigm are that the emergence of suicidal thoughts and the transition from thoughts to an attempt are two separate processes. Next, the author introduces those three theories of suicide behavior that are positioned within the idea-tion-to-action framework. These are the interpersonal theory of suicide, the integrated motivational-volitional mod-el, and the three-step theory. Finally, the author discusses the possible implications of the new framework for re-search, theory, and practice.
自杀仍是全球及匈牙利的主要死因。然而，我们对于何时以及哪些因素会影响从自杀意念到自杀未遂的转变仍知之甚少。绝大多数有自杀想法的人实际上永远不会尝试自杀。最常被提及的精神和心理风险因素在解释从意念到行动的转变方面存在局限性。幸运的是，近年来自杀理论有了新进展，这可能会影响我们对自杀行为的理解和预防。在这篇概念性综述中，作者描述了自杀学中的一种新范式——意念到行动框架。这一新范式的前提是，自杀念头的出现以及从念头到未遂的转变是两个不同的过程。接下来，作者介绍了处于意念到行动框架内的三种自杀行为理论。它们是自杀人际理论、综合动机 - 意志模型和三步理论。最后，作者讨论了这一新框架对研究、理论和实践可能产生的影响。
