Department of Poultry Science, Mississippi State University, Mississippi State, MS 39762, USA.
Department of Food Science, Nutrition and Health Promotion, Mississippi State University, Mississippi State, MS 39762, USA.
Poult Sci. 2022 Sep;101(9):102012. doi: 10.1016/j.psj.2022.102012. Epub 2022 Jun 16.
Increasing growth rate, body weight, and breast muscle yield have been linked to broiler muscle problems such as woody breast (WB). The aim of this study was to investigate the internal organ and skeletal muscle development of broilers with WB myopathy under dietary and Eimeria challenge treatments. A 3 diet (control, antibiotic, or probiotic) × 2 challenge (control or Eimeria) × 2 sex factorial arrangement of treatments was used in a randomized complete block design. Ross × Ross 708 chicks were randomly assigned to 96 floor pens with 12 treatment combinations (8 replicates per treatment). Internal organs were sampled on d 13 and 41. Skeletal muscles were sampled on d 41. Internal organ and skeletal muscle weights were analyzed using a 3-way analysis of variance (ANOVA). Relationships between WB and internal organ and skeletal muscle weights were analyzed using one-way ANOVA as all treatments were pooled together and regrouped according to WB scores. On d 41, absolute and relative heart weights were greater in males when they were averaged over diet and challenge treatments (P < 0.001 and P = 0.026, respectively). The birds with WB score 3 had greater absolute heart (P = 0.0002) and spleen weights (P = 0.016), but there was no difference in relative spleen weight (P > 0.05). When averaged over diet and challenge treatments, males have greater absolute duodenum, jejunum, and ileum weights (for all P < 0.0001). Compared with birds with normal breasts, the birds with WB scores 1, 2, and 3 had a greater live weight (for all P < 0.0001) and absolute and relative breast weights (for all P < 0.0001). The birds with WB score 1, 2, and 3 had greater (P < 0.0001) absolute but lower (P < 0.0001) relative drumstick, thigh, and wing weights. Results indicated that broilers with WB had lower relative proventriculus and gizzard weights and greater relative breast meat weight with lower relative drumstick, thigh, and wing muscle weights.
生长速度、体重和胸肌产量的增加与肉鸡的肌肉问题（如木质鸡胸）有关。本研究的目的是研究在饮食和艾美耳球虫挑战处理下，患有木质鸡胸肉鸡的内脏器官和骨骼肌发育情况。采用 3 种饮食（对照、抗生素或益生菌）×2 种挑战（对照或艾美耳球虫）×2 种性别因子处理的完全随机区组设计。罗斯×罗斯 708 雏鸡随机分配到 96 个地板笼中，每个处理组合有 12 个重复。在第 13 天和第 41 天采集内脏器官。在第 41 天采集骨骼肌。使用 3 因素方差分析（ANOVA）分析内脏器官和骨骼肌重量。使用单向方差分析分析木质鸡胸与内脏器官和骨骼肌重量的关系，因为所有处理都被汇总在一起，并根据木质鸡胸评分重新分组。在第 41 天，无论饮食和挑战处理如何，雄性肉鸡的心脏绝对重量和相对重量都较大（P < 0.001 和 P = 0.026）。木质鸡胸评分 3 的鸟类具有更大的绝对心脏（P = 0.0002）和脾脏重量（P = 0.016），但相对脾脏重量没有差异（P > 0.05）。无论饮食和挑战处理如何，雄性肉鸡的十二指肠、空肠和回肠的绝对重量都较大（所有 P < 0.0001）。与正常乳房的鸟类相比，木质鸡胸评分 1、2 和 3 的鸟类具有更大的活重（所有 P < 0.0001）和绝对和相对胸重（所有 P < 0.0001）。木质鸡胸评分 1、2 和 3 的鸟类具有更大的（P < 0.0001）绝对，但更低的（P < 0.0001）相对鸡腿、大腿和翅膀重量。结果表明，木质鸡胸的肉鸡相对前胃和肌胃重量较低，相对胸肉重量较高，相对鸡腿、大腿和翅膀肌肉重量较低。
