Bilingual Multicultural Services in Albuquerque, Albuquerque, New Mexico.
Semin Speech Lang. 2022 Aug;43(4):331-346. doi: 10.1055/s-0042-1750348. Epub 2022 Jul 27.
Children diagnosed with autism spectrum disorder (ASD) exhibit early delays and deficits in play. In infancy, they engage in unusual exploratory behaviors with toys. As toddlers, they are slow to develop functional play, and in preschool some children with ASD fail to develop symbolic play despite having the necessary cognitive and language skills. Furthermore, when children with ASD are engaged in play, they demonstrate less playfulness. This article reviews the literature on the characteristics of exploratory, functional, and symbolic/pretend play in children with ASD and possible reasons for their unusual patterns of play development. Increased quantity and quality of play are frequent therapeutic goals for children with ASD. If play interventions are to be successful, it is critical that speech-language pathologists have an adequate assessment of children's play skills. Several frameworks and tools appropriate for assessing play in typical children and children with ASD are described.
被诊断患有自闭症谱系障碍（ASD）的儿童在游戏方面表现出早期的延迟和缺陷。在婴儿期，他们会用玩具进行不寻常的探索性行为。到了幼儿期，他们发展功能性游戏的速度较慢，一些患有 ASD 的学龄前儿童尽管具备必要的认知和语言技能，但未能发展象征性游戏。此外，当患有 ASD 的儿童参与游戏时，他们表现出的游戏性较少。本文回顾了关于 ASD 儿童探索性、功能性和象征性/假装性游戏特征的文献，以及他们游戏发展异常模式的可能原因。增加游戏的数量和质量是 ASD 儿童常见的治疗目标。如果要使游戏干预取得成功，言语语言病理学家对儿童的游戏技能进行充分评估至关重要。描述了几个适用于评估典型儿童和 ASD 儿童游戏技能的框架和工具。
