Department of Biotechnology Engineering, ORT Braude College, Snunit 51, P.O. Box 78, Karmiel 2161002, Israel.
Department of Plant Food Products and Biofortification, Institute of Food Biotechnology and Genomics, NAS of Ukraine, Osipovskogo Str. 2a, 04123 Kyiv, Ukraine.
Int J Mol Sci. 2022 Jul 22;23(15):8094. doi: 10.3390/ijms23158094.
Membrane transport proteins are widely present in all living organisms, however, their function, transported substrate, and mechanism of action are unknown. Here we use diverse bioinformatics tools to investigate the evolution of MTPs, analyse domain organisation and loop topology, and study the comparative alignment of modelled 3D structures. Our results suggest a high level of conservancy between MTPs from different taxa on both amino acids and structural levels, which imply some degree of functional similarities. The presence of loop/s of different lengths in various positions suggests tax-on-specific adaptation to transported substrates, intracellular localisation, accessibility for post-translation modifications, and interaction with other proteins. The comparison of modelled structures proposes close relations and a common origin for MTP and Na/H exchanger. Further, a high level of amino acid similarity and identity between archaeal and bacterial MTPs and Na/H exchangers imply conservancy of ion transporting function at least for archaeal and bacterial MTPs.
膜转运蛋白广泛存在于所有生物体中，但它们的功能、转运底物和作用机制尚不清楚。在这里，我们使用多种生物信息学工具来研究 MTP 的进化，分析结构域组织和环拓扑结构，并研究建模的 3D 结构的比较对齐。我们的结果表明，不同分类群的 MTP 在氨基酸和结构水平上都具有高度的保守性，这意味着它们具有一定程度的功能相似性。不同位置的环/长度不同的环表明存在对转运底物、细胞内定位、翻译后修饰的可及性以及与其他蛋白质相互作用的特定适应性。对建模结构的比较表明，MTP 和 Na/H 交换器之间存在密切的关系和共同的起源。此外，古菌和细菌 MTP 和 Na/H 交换器之间的氨基酸相似性和同一性水平较高，这意味着离子转运功能的保守性至少存在于古菌和细菌 MTP 中。
