Department of Biotechnology, Noida Institute of Engineering and Technology, Greater Noida 201306, India.
Department of Biological Science, Faculty of Sciences, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah 21589, Saudi Arabia.
Molecules. 2022 Jul 23;27(15):4708. doi: 10.3390/molecules27154708.
Cancer remains one of the most crucial human malignancies with a higher mortality rate globally, and is predicted to escalate soon. Dysregulated ion homeostasis in cancerous cells prompted the researchers to investigate further ion homeostasis impeding agents as potent anticancerous agents. Reutilization of FDA-approved non-cancerous drugs has emerged as a practical approach to developing potent, cost-effective drugs for cancer treatment. Across the globe, most nations are incapable of fulfilling the medical demands of cancer patients due to costlier cancerous drugs. Therefore, we have inclined our review towards emphasizing recent advancements in cancer therapies involving ionophores utilization in exploring potent anticancer drugs. Numerous research reports have established the significant anticancerous potential of ionophores in several pre-clinical reports via modulating aberrant cell signaling pathways and enhancing antitumor immunity in immune cells. This review has mainly summarized the most significant ion homeostasis impeding agents, including copper, zinc, calcium, and polyether, that presented remarkable potential in cancer therapeutics via enhanced antitumor immunity and apoptosis induction. Altogether, this study could provide a robust future perspective for developing cost-effective anticancerous drugs rapidly and cost-effectively, thereby combating the limitations of currently available drugs used in cancer treatment.
癌症仍然是全球死亡率最高的人类恶性肿瘤之一，预计很快会上升。癌细胞中离子平衡的失调促使研究人员进一步研究离子平衡抑制剂作为有效的抗癌药物。重新利用已获得 FDA 批准的非癌症药物已成为开发用于癌症治疗的有效、经济实惠的药物的一种实用方法。在全球范围内，由于癌症药物价格较高，大多数国家都无法满足癌症患者的医疗需求。因此，我们的审查侧重于强调涉及利用离子载体探索有效抗癌药物的癌症治疗的最新进展。许多研究报告通过调节异常的细胞信号通路和增强免疫细胞中的抗肿瘤免疫，已经在几项临床前报告中确立了离子载体在癌症治疗中的重要抗癌潜力。本综述主要总结了最显著的离子平衡抑制剂，包括铜、锌、钙和聚醚，它们通过增强抗肿瘤免疫和诱导细胞凋亡，在癌症治疗中表现出显著的潜力。总的来说，这项研究为开发具有成本效益的抗癌药物提供了一个强大的未来前景，可以快速有效地对抗目前癌症治疗中使用的药物的局限性。
