J Am Mosq Control Assoc. 2022 Sep 1;38(3):188-197. doi: 10.2987/22-7062.
Two Culex pipiens form Pipiens colony strains and a field population of Cx. restuans from Michigan were susceptible and a Cx. pipiens form Molestus colony strain was comparatively less susceptible to a dose of 43 μg/ml of permethrin in Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) bottle bioassays. Using this diagnostic dose and these populations as controls, adult female Cx. pipiens and Cx. restuans were reared from egg rafts from 28 sites in Illinois, Ohio, Michigan, Iowa, Indiana, Wisconsin, and Minnesota. Tested mosquitoes showed high mortality in populations from 12 sites, less mortality (90-96%) at 9 sites, and less than 90% mortality from 7 sites during 30-min exposures. However, all tested populations showed 97-100% mortality at 60 min, indicating low phenotypic penetrance of resistance factors. These results indicate variation in susceptibility to permethrin in populations of West Nile virus vectors in the Great Lakes region of the United States, with evidence of modest resistance at 7 of 28 (25%) of the sampled populations.
两种库蚊 pipiens 形成 Pipiens 种群和密歇根州的野外种群 Cx. restuans 对疾控中心（CDC）瓶生物测定中 43 μg/ml 的氯菊酯剂量敏感，而一种库蚊 pipiens 形式 Molestus 种群则相对不敏感。使用这个诊断剂量和这些种群作为对照，从伊利诺伊州、俄亥俄州、密歇根州、爱荷华州、印第安纳州、威斯康星州和明尼苏达州的 28 个地点的卵筏中饲养成年雌性库蚊和 Cx. restuans。在 30 分钟的暴露时间内，测试的蚊子在 12 个种群中表现出高死亡率，在 9 个种群中死亡率较低（90-96%），在 7 个种群中死亡率低于 90%。然而，所有测试的种群在 60 分钟时都表现出 97-100%的死亡率，表明抗性因素的表型穿透率较低。这些结果表明，在美国大湖地区，西尼罗河病毒载体种群对氯菊酯的敏感性存在差异，在 28 个抽样种群中有 7 个（25%）存在中度抗性的证据。
