Environmental Geochemistry, Bayreuth Center for Ecology and Environmental Research (BayCEER), University of Bayreuth, D-95440 Bayreuth, Germany.
Plant Physiology, Bayreuth Center for Ecology and Environmental Research (BayCEER), University of Bayreuth, D-95440 Bayreuth, Germany.
J Agric Food Chem. 2022 Aug 10;70(31):9610-9618. doi: 10.1021/acs.jafc.2c02425. Epub 2022 Jul 28.
Arsenic (As) occurrence in rice is a serious human health threat. Worldwide, regulations typically limit only carcinogenic inorganic As, but not possibly carcinogenic dimethylated oxyarsenate (DMA). However, there is emerging evidence that "DMA", determined by routine acid-based extraction and analysis, hides a substantial share of dimethylated thioarsenates that have similar or higher cytotoxicities than arsenite. Risk assessments characterizing the in vivo toxicity of rice-derived dimethylated thioarsenates are urgently needed. In the meantime, either more sophisticated methods based on enzymatic extraction and separation of dimethylated oxy- and thioarsenates have to become mandatory or total As should be regulated.
砷（As）在大米中的存在对人类健康构成严重威胁。在全球范围内，法规通常只限制致癌的无机砷，而不限制可能致癌的二甲基氧代砷酸盐（DMA）。然而，有新的证据表明，“DMA”是通过常规的基于酸的提取和分析来确定的，但它隐藏了大量与亚砷酸盐具有相似或更高细胞毒性的二甲基硫代砷酸盐。迫切需要对来源于大米的二甲基硫代砷酸盐的体内毒性进行风险评估。在此期间，要么必须强制采用基于酶提取和分离二甲基氧代和硫代砷酸盐的更复杂的方法，要么必须对总砷进行监管。
