Mishu Masuma Pervin, Siddiqi Kamran, McNeill Ann, Kanaan Mona, Jackson Cath, Huque Rumana, Kanan Sushama, Abdullah S M, Fieroze Fariza, Garg Suneela, Singh M Meghachandra, Borle Amod L, Deshmukh Chetana, Akhter Zohaib, Mazhar Laraib, Khan Zohaib, Rehman Khalid, Ullah Safat, Han Lu, Readshaw Anne, Iqbal Romaina
Department of Health Sciences, The University of York, Heslington, Yorkshire, YO10 5DD, UK.
National Addiction Centre, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology & Neuroscience (IoPPN), King's College London, London, SE5 8BB, UK.
F1000Res. 2020 Sep 11;9:1123. doi: 10.12688/f1000research.25796.2. eCollection 2020.
Smokeless tobacco (ST) use is common among youth in South Asia where 85% of the world's 300 million ST users live and use the most lethal ST forms. Little is known about the impact of tobacco control policies on the youth ST uptake in those countries. We planned to conduct longitudinal surveys among school going adolescents to evaluate existing tobacco control policies on tobacco uptake and use, and a feasibility study for that prospective, observational cohort study. (1) To demonstrate the feasibility of selection, recruitment and retention of schools and of study participants; (2) To assess the feasibility and acceptability of the study procedure and study tool (questionnaire); (3) To evaluate if the questionnaire can assess tobacco uptake and use, and their potential predictors. The feasibility study will be conducted in two administrative areas within each of three South Asian countries: Bangladesh, India and Pakistan. We will use both quantitative and qualitative data collection methods. Eight eligible schools will be randomly selected within purposively selected sub-districts from each country. We plan to conduct one baseline and one follow up survey among students of grade 6-8, one year apart. At each time point, data on tobacco uptake and potential predictors will be collected from students via self-administered questionnaires that were designed for the longitudinal study. The qualitative component will be embedded into the study with each round of data collection to assess the acceptability of the study instrument (questionnaire) and data collection methods, via focus group discussions with students and semi-structured interviews with schoolteachers. Recruitment and retention rates, completeness of the questionnaires, frequencies and associations of tobacco use and explanatory variables will be reported. Data gathered from the focus group and interviews will be analysed using the framework approach.
无烟烟草（ST）在南亚青少年中使用很普遍，全球3亿无烟烟草使用者中有85%生活在南亚，且使用的是最致命的无烟烟草形式。对于这些国家的烟草控制政策对青少年无烟烟草使用的影响，人们知之甚少。我们计划对在校青少年进行纵向调查，以评估现有的烟草控制政策对烟草使用和吸食的影响，并针对该前瞻性观察队列研究开展一项可行性研究。（1）证明学校及研究参与者选择、招募和留存的可行性；（2）评估研究程序和研究工具（问卷）的可行性和可接受性；（3）评估问卷能否评估烟草使用和吸食情况及其潜在预测因素。可行性研究将在三个南亚国家（孟加拉国、印度和巴基斯坦）中每个国家的两个行政区进行。我们将使用定量和定性数据收集方法。在每个国家经过目的抽样选取的分区内随机选择八所符合条件的学校。我们计划在六年级至八年级学生中进行一次基线调查和一次随访调查，时间间隔为一年。在每个时间点，通过为纵向研究设计的自填问卷从学生那里收集烟草使用和潜在预测因素的数据。定性部分将融入每一轮数据收集过程中，通过与学生进行焦点小组讨论以及与学校教师进行半结构化访谈，评估研究工具（问卷）和数据收集方法的可接受性。将报告招募和留存率、问卷的完整性、烟草使用的频率和关联性以及解释变量。从焦点小组和访谈中收集的数据将采用框架法进行分析。
