Scudder Amanda, Rosin Richard, Baltich Nelson Becky, Boudreaux Edwin D, Larkin Celine
New York Medical College, New York, NY, United States.
University of Massachusetts Chan Medical School, Worcester, MA, United States.
Front Psychiatry. 2022 Jul 12;13:916731. doi: 10.3389/fpsyt.2022.916731. eCollection 2022.
According to the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, suicidality and suicidal behavior among youth continues to increase significantly each year. Many of those who die by suicide interact with health services in the year before death. This systematic review sought to identify and describe empirically tested screening tools for suicidality in youth presenting to Emergency Departments (ED).
(1) To identify and compare existing tools used to screen for suicidality in children and adolescents who present to the ED and (2) to ascertain the prevalence of suicidality in pediatric populations found with these tools.
We searched Ovid Medline, CINAHL, Scopus, and Cochrane databases for primary research studies that identified and evaluated screening tools for suicide risk in pediatric ED patients. A total of 7,597 publications published before August 25, 2021 met search criteria and were screened by two independent reviewers based on our inclusion and exclusion criteria, with any conflicts resolved via consensus meetings or an independent reviewer. A total of 110 papers were selected for full text review, of which 67 were excluded upon further inspection. Covidence was used to extract and synthesize results.
43 articles were eligible for inclusion. Most studies ( = 33) took place in general pediatric EDs; the quality was generally high. Patients ranged from 4-24 years old, with most screening tested in patients 12 years and older. The most researched tools were the Ask-Suicide Screening Questions (ASQ) ( = 15), Columbia-Suicide Severity Rating Scale (C-SSRS) ( = 12), Suicidal Ideation Questionnaire (SIQ) ( = 11), and the Risk of Suicide Questionnaire (RSQ) ( = 7). Where screening was applied to all patients, about one-fifth of pediatric ED patients screened positive; where suicide screening was applied to psychiatric patients only, over half screened positive. Positive screens were more likely to be female and older than negative screens and they were more likely to be assessed and admitted.
Several validated screening tools exist for the purpose of screening pediatric populations in EDs for suicidality. Such tools may help to support early detection and appropriate intervention for youth at risk of suicide.
https://www.crd.york.ac.uk/prospero/display_record.php?RecordID=276328, identifier: 276328.
美国疾病控制与预防中心的数据显示，青少年的自杀倾向和自杀行为每年都在显著增加。许多自杀身亡者在死前一年都曾与医疗服务机构有过接触。本系统评价旨在识别和描述针对前往急诊科（ED）就诊的青少年自杀倾向经过实证检验的筛查工具。
（1）识别和比较用于筛查前往急诊科就诊的儿童和青少年自杀倾向的现有工具；（2）确定使用这些工具筛查出的儿科患者中自杀倾向的患病率。
我们在Ovid Medline、CINAHL、Scopus和Cochrane数据库中检索了主要研究，这些研究识别并评估了儿科急诊患者自杀风险的筛查工具。共有7597篇在2021年8月25日前发表的出版物符合检索标准，由两名独立评审员根据我们的纳入和排除标准进行筛选，如有任何分歧通过共识会议或独立评审员解决。共选出110篇论文进行全文评审，其中67篇经进一步检查后被排除。使用Covidence提取和综合结果。
43篇文章符合纳入标准。大多数研究（n = 33）在普通儿科急诊科进行；质量普遍较高。患者年龄在4至24岁之间，大多数筛查在12岁及以上的患者中进行。研究最多的工具是自杀筛查问题（ASQ）（n = 15）、哥伦比亚自杀严重程度评定量表（C-SSRS）（n = 12）、自杀意念问卷（SIQ）（n = 11）和自杀风险问卷（RSQ）（n = 7）。在对所有患者进行筛查的情况下，约五分之一的儿科急诊患者筛查呈阳性；仅对精神科患者进行自杀筛查时，超过一半的患者筛查呈阳性。筛查呈阳性的患者比阴性患者更可能为女性且年龄更大，他们更有可能接受评估和入院治疗。
存在几种经过验证的筛查工具，用于在急诊科筛查儿科患者的自杀倾向。此类工具可能有助于支持对有自杀风险的青少年进行早期发现和适当干预。
https://www.crd.york.ac.uk/prospero/display_record.php?RecordID=276328，标识符：276328。
