College of Safety Science and Engineering, Liaoning Technical University, Fuxin, 123000, Liaoning, China.
Ministry of Education, Key Laboratory of Mine Thermal Power Disaster and Prevention, Fuxin, 123000, Liaoning, China.
Sci Rep. 2022 Jul 29;12(1):13071. doi: 10.1038/s41598-022-16067-9.
This study examines smoke spread in an underground mall fire under the composite smoke control mode of a smoke barrier and a mechanical smoke exhaust system. The objective is to optimize the selection of smoke containment and exhaust methods in an underground mall in Fuxin City, China. A Fire Dynamics Simulator was used for numerical simulation to investigate the effects of the sagging height and spacing of smoke barriers on smoke containment, as well as the effects of size, number, and arrangement of smoke vents in the mechanical smoke exhaust system on the effectiveness of smoke exhaust. The results indicated that a smoke barrier with a sagging height of 1 m and a spacing of 5 m was effective in preventing the spread of high-temperature smoke. When the sagging height of the smoke barrier increased to 1.2 m, the smoke barrier effect was comparable to that of a 1 m height barrier. Regarding the mechanical smoke exhaust system, the size of the opening area of the smoke vent had no significant effect on the smoke exhaust effect. The best smoke exhaust effect was achieved when the number of smoke vents was 12. Additionally, the double-row setting of smoke vents was more efficient than the single-row setting. Combining a smoke barrier and a mechanical smoke exhaust system can provide a more effective smoke control compared to either system alone. Comprehensively, considering the effectiveness and economy of smoke containment and exhaust, the optimal combination of smoke containment and exhaust was determined to be a smoke barrier with a sagging height of 1 m and spacing of 5 m, and a mechanical smoke exhaust system with 12 smoke vents in a double-row arrangement.
本研究考察了在烟幕隔挡和机械排烟系统的组合式烟控模式下地下商场火灾中的烟气蔓延情况。目的是优化中国阜新市地下商场中烟控方式的选择。采用火灾动力学模拟软件进行数值模拟，研究了烟幕隔挡下垂高度和间距对烟气控制的影响，以及机械排烟系统中排烟口的大小、数量和布置对排烟效果的影响。结果表明，下垂高度为 1 m、间距为 5 m 的烟幕隔挡在阻止高温烟气蔓延方面效果显著。当烟幕隔挡的下垂高度增加到 1.2 m 时，其隔挡效果与 1 m 高的隔挡相当。对于机械排烟系统，排烟口的开口面积大小对排烟效果没有显著影响。当排烟口数量为 12 个时，排烟效果最佳。此外，双排布置的排烟口比单排布置更有效。组合使用烟幕隔挡和机械排烟系统可以提供比单独使用任何一种系统更有效的烟气控制。综合考虑烟气控制的有效性和经济性，确定了烟幕隔挡下垂高度 1 m、间距 5 m 和机械排烟系统双排布置 12 个排烟口的最优组合。
