Department of Biology and CESAM, University of Aveiro, Campus Universitário de Santiago, 3810-193 Aveiro, Portugal.
Department of Environment and CESAM, University of Aveiro, Campus Universitário de Santiago, 3810-193 Aveiro, Portugal.
Aquat Toxicol. 2022 Sep;250:106245. doi: 10.1016/j.aquatox.2022.106245. Epub 2022 Jul 20.
Wildfires are a social and environmental concern to the world due to their many adverse effects, including risk to the public health and security, economic damages in prevention and fight, ecosystems pollution, land usage sustainability, and biodiversity. In the Mediterranean region, these events have increased in the last years. Although several studies evaluated the impacts of the wildfires on the structure and function of the ecosystems and their communities, there is a lack of information at the biochemical level beyond the toxicological effects to the organisms. So, aiming to evaluate the potential toxic and biochemical effects of pine and eucalypt ash from high and low severity burned areas in the aquatic environments, L. minor growth, fatty acid and carbohydrate profiles were studied. Data showed that the wildfires ash from high severity burned areas are more toxic, with a higher growth inhibition than when exposed to ash from low severity burned areas. Considering the ash from low severity burned areas, eucalypt ash revealed to be more noxious to the macrophyte than pine ash. Furthermore, it was observed a decrease in the diversity and abundance of fatty acids content, comparing with the control. An opposite trend was observed in carbohydrates which increased with the organisms' exposure to almost all ash types, except in case of the organisms exposed to eucalypt ash from high severity burned areas, where carbohydrate content decreased.
野火因其诸多负面影响而成为全世界关注的社会和环境问题，包括对公众健康和安全的威胁、预防和扑救方面的经济损失、生态系统污染、土地利用可持续性以及生物多样性等。在地中海地区，此类事件在过去几年中有所增加。尽管有几项研究评估了野火对生态系统结构和功能及其群落的影响，但在生物毒性以外的生化层面上，有关信息仍然缺乏。因此，为了评估水生环境中来自高、低严重程度燃烧区的松树和桉树灰分的潜在毒性和生化效应，研究了 L. minor 的生长、脂肪酸和碳水化合物图谱。数据表明，来自高严重程度燃烧区的野火灰分毒性更大，其对植物的生长抑制作用高于来自低严重程度燃烧区的灰分。考虑到来自低严重程度燃烧区的灰分，桉树灰分对大型植物的危害性大于松树木灰。此外，与对照相比，观察到脂肪酸含量的多样性和丰度下降。而碳水化合物则呈现出相反的趋势，随着生物体接触几乎所有类型的灰烬，其含量增加，除了生物体接触来自高严重程度燃烧区的桉树灰分外，碳水化合物含量有所下降。
