Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Division of Pharmacognosy, University of Vienna, Faculty of Life Sciences, Althanstrasse 14, 1090 Vienna, Austria.
Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Division of Pharmacognosy, University of Vienna, Faculty of Life Sciences, Althanstrasse 14, 1090 Vienna, Austria; Vienna Doctoral School of Pharmaceutical, Nutritional and Sport Sciences (VDS PhaNuSpo), University of Vienna, Austria.
Free Radic Biol Med. 2022 Sep;190:75-93. doi: 10.1016/j.freeradbiomed.2022.07.014. Epub 2022 Jul 31.
NRF2 (Nuclear factor E2 p45-related factor 2) is a stress responsive transcription factor lending cells resilience against oxidative, xenobiotic, and also nutrient or proteotoxic insults. AMPK (AMP-activated kinase), considered as prime regulator of cellular energy homeostasis, not only tunes metabolism to provide the cell at any time with sufficient ATP or building blocks, but also controls redox balance and inflammation. Due to observed overlapping cellular responses upon AMPK or NRF2 activation and common stressors impinging on both AMPK and NRF2 signaling, it is plausible to assume that AMPK and NRF2 signaling may interdepend and cooperate to readjust cellular homeostasis. After a short introduction of the two players this narrative review paints the current picture on how AMPK and NRF2 signaling might interact on the molecular level, and highlights their possible crosstalk in selected examples of pathophysiology or bioactivity of drugs and phytochemicals.
NRF2（核因子 E2 p45 相关因子 2）是一种应激反应转录因子，使细胞能够抵抗氧化、外来物和营养或蛋白毒性损伤。AMPK（AMP 激活的蛋白激酶）被认为是细胞能量稳态的主要调节剂，不仅可以调节代谢，以便在任何时候为细胞提供足够的 ATP 或构建块，还可以控制氧化还原平衡和炎症。由于 AMPK 或 NRF2 激活时观察到细胞反应重叠，并且常见的应激源同时影响 AMPK 和 NRF2 信号，因此可以假设 AMPK 和 NRF2 信号可能相互依赖和合作，以重新调整细胞内稳态。在简要介绍这两个参与者之后，本综述描绘了 AMPK 和 NRF2 信号如何在分子水平上相互作用的当前情况，并强调了它们在病理生理学或药物和植物化学物质的生物活性的选定示例中的可能串扰。
