Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Fondazione IRCCS Policlinico San Matteo, Pavia, Italy
Molecular Virology Unit, Microbiology and Virology, Fondazione IRCCS Policlinico San Matteo, Pavia, Italy
New Microbiol. 2022 Jul;45(3):181-189.
Pregnant women may be at an increased risk of developing severe or critical disease associated with the Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) infection causing severities during pregnancy. We performed a prospective study to describe the impact of SARS-CoV-2 infection on pregnancy outcomes and on the newborn, depending on the severity of the disease. The antibody response and persistence of SARS-CoV-2 anti-Spike (S) IgG, IgA and anti-Nu- cleocapsid (NCP) IgG, was investigated.
A total of 48 pregnant women with SARS-CoV-2 infection were enrolled, and sequential serum samples from 30 of them were collected until one year after infection. Outcomes of pregnan- cy and newborn parameters were evaluated in comparison with 200 uninfected controls.
Asymptomatic infection was observed in 31/48 women (64.5%), mild COVID-19 in 12/48 women (25.0%), while 5/48 women (10.5%) developed pneumonia. Women with pneumonia mount- ed significantly higher levels of anti-S IgG, IgA and anti-NCP IgG between 1 and 3 months after onset of infection compared to asymptomatic women. Anti-S IgG persisted in the majority of women from 6 months to at least one year after infection, especially in those with symptomatic infection and pneumonia, while anti-S IgA and anti-NCP IgG declined earlier. Pregnancy complications and new- born parameters were not significantly different from those observed in uninfected controls.
Anti-SARS-CoV-2 antibody development and persistence was not impaired in pregnant women, while SARS-CoV-2 infection did not cause major pregnancy or newborn complications in asymptomatic or symptomatic women, nor in women with pneumonia receiving prompt clinical care.
孕妇可能面临更高的风险，会出现与导致严重程度的严重急性呼吸综合征冠状病毒 2（SARS-CoV-2）感染相关的严重或危急疾病。我们进行了一项前瞻性研究，以描述 SARS-CoV-2 感染对妊娠结局和新生儿的影响，具体取决于疾病的严重程度。研究调查了 SARS-CoV-2 抗刺突（S）IgG、IgA 和抗核衣壳（NCP）IgG 抗体的反应和持久性。
共纳入 48 例 SARS-CoV-2 感染孕妇，并对其中 30 例连续采集血清样本，直至感染后一年。将妊娠结局和新生儿参数与 200 例未感染对照进行比较。
31/48 例（64.5%）孕妇无症状感染，12/48 例（25.0%）孕妇轻度 COVID-19，5/48 例（10.5%）孕妇发展为肺炎。与无症状感染者相比，肺炎患者在感染后 1-3 个月时抗 S IgG、IgA 和抗 NCP IgG 水平显著升高。抗 S IgG 在感染后至少 6 个月至 1 年期间在大多数女性中持续存在，尤其是在有症状感染和肺炎的女性中，而抗 S IgA 和抗 NCP IgG 则更早下降。妊娠并发症和新生儿参数与未感染对照组无显著差异。
在孕妇中，抗 SARS-CoV-2 抗体的产生和持久性并未受损，而 SARS-CoV-2 感染在无症状或有症状的孕妇中，以及在接受及时临床治疗的肺炎孕妇中，并未导致主要的妊娠或新生儿并发症。
