Heinemann V, Boeck S, Westphalen C B
Medizinische Klinik und Poliklinik III, Comprehensive Cancer Center München, LMU Klinikum, Marchioninistr. 15, 81377, München, Deutschland.
Inn Med (Heidelb). 2022 Aug;63(8):851-862. doi: 10.1007/s00108-022-01334-8. Epub 2022 Jul 6.
Pancreatic cancer is the 4th most common cause of cancer death in Germany and continues to be associated with a poor prognosis. A prerequisite for chemotherapy or radiotherapy is always the pathohistological (or cytological) confirmation of the tumor disease. Molecular diagnostics include analysis of DNA mismatch repair in the tumor and of the germline mutations in BRCA 1/2 (gBRCA mutation). Systemic chemotherapy remains the mainstay in the management of locally advanced and metastatic disease. If a gBRCA mutation is detected, platinum-based therapy should be used. Patients with good performance status benefit from second-line therapy. Immunotherapy with checkpoint inhibitors (not yet approved) may be considered in pretreated patients with evidence of deficient DNA mismatch repair or microsatellite instability.
在德国,胰腺癌是癌症死亡的第四大常见原因,其预后仍然很差。化疗或放疗的前提始终是肿瘤疾病的病理组织学(或细胞学)确诊。分子诊断包括分析肿瘤中的DNA错配修复以及BRCA 1/2的种系突变(gBRCA突变)。全身化疗仍然是局部晚期和转移性疾病治疗的主要手段。如果检测到gBRCA突变,应使用铂类疗法。身体状况良好的患者可从二线治疗中获益。对于有DNA错配修复缺陷或微卫星不稳定证据的经治患者,可考虑使用检查点抑制剂进行免疫治疗(尚未获批)。