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表型可塑性促进物种共存。

Phenotypic plasticity promotes species coexistence.

机构信息

Institute of Integrative Biology, ETH Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland.

Wyss Academy for Nature, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland.

出版信息

Nat Ecol Evol. 2022 Sep;6(9):1256-1261. doi: 10.1038/s41559-022-01826-8. Epub 2022 Aug 4.

Abstract

Ecological explanations for species coexistence assume that species' traits, and therefore the differences between species, are fixed on short timescales. However, species' traits are not fixed, but can instead change rapidly as a consequence of phenotypic plasticity. Here we use a combined experimental-theoretical approach to demonstrate that plasticity in response to interspecific competition between two aquatic plants allows for species coexistence where competitive exclusion is otherwise predicted to occur. Our results show that rapid trait changes in response to a shift in the competitive environment can promote coexistence in a way that is not captured by common measures of niche differentiation.

摘要

生态学家认为,物种共存的原因是物种的特征(即物种间的差异)在短时间内是固定不变的。然而,物种的特征并不是固定的,而是可以通过表型可塑性迅速变化。在这里,我们采用实验与理论相结合的方法,证明了两种水生植物之间的种间竞争所引起的可塑性,使得原本可能被竞争排斥的物种得以共存。我们的研究结果表明,对竞争环境变化的快速特征变化可以促进共存,而这是常用的生态位分化衡量方法所无法捕捉到的。

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