STAT3 gain-of-function is not responsible for low total IgE levels in patients with autoimmune chronic spontaneous urticaria.

BACKGROUND

The pathogenesis of chronic spontaneous urticaria (CSU) has not been clarified entirely. Type IIb autoimmune chronic spontaneous urticaria (CSU) is a distinct subtype of CSU that is often difficult to treat and is connected to low levels of total IgE. Previous findings indicate that an enhanced signal transducer and activator of transcription 3 (STAT3) may be responsible for reduced IgE serum levels.

OBJECTIVE

Our aim was to investigate a possible underlying gain-of-function mutation or activating polymorphism in that could be responsible for the low levels of IgE in patients with CSU.

METHODS

We included 10 patients with CSU and low levels of IgE and sequenced selected single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNP) in associated with common autoimmune diseases. Exon sequencing was performed for the most relevant exons of . To test for a gain-of-function of STAT3, we performed a phospho-specific flow cytometry analysis of STAT3 in peripheral blood mononuclear cells before and after stimulation with interleukin-6.

RESULTS

No differences were found in the prevalence of the tested SNPs between our patients and a control population. Moreover, we could not find any mutations or variants on the tested exons of . The function of STAT3 was also not altered in our patients.

CONCLUSION

In total, we could not find any evidence for our hypothesis that low IgE in patients with CSU is linked to mutations in or altered activity of STAT3. Thus, it remains to be discovered what causes the low serum levels of IgE in patients with CSU.