Department of Preventive Dentistry and Dental Public Health, School of Dentistry, Aichi Gakuin University, Nagoya, Japan.
Nonoyama Dental Office, Togo, Japan.
J Intellect Disabil Res. 2022 Oct;66(10):793-804. doi: 10.1111/jir.12967. Epub 2022 Aug 5.
We investigated the number of teeth in middle-aged and older individuals with intellectual disability and evaluated the related factors.
A questionnaire survey on oral health was administered to 604 persons over 40 years old with intellectual disabilities in Aichi Prefecture, Japan. The questionnaire designed for this study included items on diagnosis of disability, severity of intellectual disability and type of residence. As oral-health-related factors, the proxy-reported number of teeth, family dentist, regular dental check-ups, problems during dental treatment and tooth-brushing frequency were evaluated. A multinomial logistic regression analysis was performed using the proxy-reported number of teeth (≥20, 10-19 or 0-9) as the dependent variable, and the odds ratios (ORs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) of independent variables were calculated. In addition, linear regression analysis was performed using the proxy-reported number of teeth as the dependent variable.
In the multivariate multinomial logistic regression analysis, age, diagnosis of disability and type of residence were significantly associated with having 10-19 versus ≥20 teeth. Participants with autism spectrum disorder had a significantly lower OR for 10-19 teeth compared with those with intellectual disability [OR (95% CI): 0.49 (0.22-1.08)]. Age, diagnosis of disability, regular dental check-ups and tooth-brushing frequency were significantly associated with having 0-9 versus ≥20teeth. Participants with Down syndrome had a significantly higher OR for 0-9 teeth compared with those with intellectual disability [OR (95% CI): 3.17 (1.09-9.23)]. The ORs for 0-9 teeth of participants who did not attend regular dental check-ups and who brushed their teeth 1 time/day compared with ≥3 times/day were significantly high, and the OR (95% CI) was 2.37 (1.06-5.30) and 4.76 (1.09-20.77), respectively. [Corrections made on 22 August 2022, after first online publication: in the previous sentence, "who attend" has been changed to "who did not attend".] In the multivariate linear regression analysis, age, diagnosis of disability and regular dental check-ups were significantly associated with the proxy-reported number of teeth. The proxy-reported number of teeth was -0.42 less with each 1-year increase in age. With autism spectrum disorder, the proxy-reported number of teeth was 0.74 more compared with intellectual disability. In Down syndrome, the proxy-reported number of teeth was -0.93 less compared with intellectual disability. The proxy-reported number of teeth was -2.12 less for those who did not have regular dental check-ups.
The number of teeth in middle-aged and older individuals with intellectual disability was related to age and the type of disability. Regular dental visits may be effective at preventing tooth loss in middle-aged and older persons with intellectual disability.
我们调查了中年和老年智障人士的牙齿数量，并评估了相关因素。
对日本爱知县 604 名 40 岁以上的智障人士进行了口腔健康问卷调查。本研究设计的问卷包括残疾诊断、智力残疾严重程度和居住类型等项目。作为口腔健康相关因素，评估了代理报告的牙齿数量、家庭牙医、定期牙科检查、治疗期间的问题和刷牙频率。使用代理报告的牙齿数量（≥20、10-19 或 0-9）作为因变量，使用多变量逻辑回归分析计算了自变量的优势比（OR）和 95%置信区间（CI）。此外，使用代理报告的牙齿数量作为因变量进行线性回归分析。
在多变量多项逻辑回归分析中，年龄、残疾诊断和居住类型与 10-19 颗牙与≥20 颗牙显著相关。自闭症谱系障碍患者的 10-19 颗牙的 OR 明显低于智力障碍患者[OR（95%CI）：0.49（0.22-1.08）]。年龄、残疾诊断、定期牙科检查和刷牙频率与 0-9 颗牙与≥20 颗牙显著相关。唐氏综合征患者的 0-9 颗牙的 OR 明显高于智力障碍患者[OR（95%CI）：3.17（1.09-9.23）]。未定期接受牙科检查和每天刷牙 1 次的参与者的 0-9 颗牙的 OR 明显较高，OR（95%CI）分别为 2.37（1.06-5.30）和 4.76（1.09-20.77）。[2022 年 8 月 22 日在线发表前的更正：在前一句中，“who attend”已更改为“who did not attend”。]在多变量线性回归分析中，年龄、残疾诊断和定期牙科检查与代理报告的牙齿数量显著相关。年龄每增加 1 岁，代理报告的牙齿数量减少 0.42。与智力障碍相比，自闭症谱系障碍患者的代理报告牙齿数量多 0.74 颗。唐氏综合征患者的代理报告牙齿数量比智力障碍患者少 0.93 颗。未定期接受牙科检查的参与者的代理报告牙齿数量减少了 2.12 颗。
中年和老年智障人士的牙齿数量与年龄和残疾类型有关。定期进行牙科检查可能有助于预防中年和老年智障人士的牙齿脱落。
