Department of Chemical Engineering, Annamalai University, Annamalai Nagar PC, 608002, India.
Chemical Engineering Section, Faculty of Engineering, Sohar University, Sohar, PC-311, Oman.
Environ Res. 2022 Nov;214(Pt 3):113999. doi: 10.1016/j.envres.2022.113999. Epub 2022 Aug 4.
Electro deionization using microbial communities has been proven as a competent method for desalination and abatement of water pollution by removing ionic chemicals from the target waters. Microbial Desalination Cell (MDC) facilitates microbial deionization which can either support or be a substitute for the conventional desalination methods. Generation of electricity is accomplished by the bio electrochemical oxidation of organic compounds present as contaminants in wastewater which in turn attribute to the migration of ions in MDC system. The present review aims to elucidate the theory, principles and the application of microbial desalination cell and microbial fuel cell (MFC) in treatment of saline and wastewaters. Air cathode MDC and stacked MDC for purification of saline water are found to give promising results. Air pump assisted microbial desalination cell reported 150.39 ppm h of salt removal with an operational time period of 80 h and showed consistent results. Hence the air cathode assisted MDC showed dominant capacity of salt removal compared to stacked MDC. Also, three major types of microbial fuel cell, namely photosynthetic biofilm MFC, constructive wetland MFC and ceramic membrane supported MFC are reviewed for their potentials in wastewater treatment by deionization method and electricity generation. Complete (100%) removal of chemical oxygen demand was reported by photosynthetic microbial fuel cell operated for 16 days having 435.8 Ω of external resistance. When constructive wetland microbial fuel cell was operated for 10 days with 1000 ohms of external resistance, it exhibited complete (100%) removal of chemical oxygen demand from the wastewater. About 92% of chemical oxygen demand removal was demonstrated by ceramic membrane supported microbial fuel. Compared to ceramic membrane microbial fuel cell, photosynthetic and constructive wetland microbial fuel cell displayed better performance in terms of pollutant removal capacity and economical factor. Ability of the electrogenic species, namely Geobacter, Shewanella, Clostridium and Bacillus and the photosynthetic species, namely Chorella Vulgaris Rhodopsuedomonas, and Scenedesmus abundans in microbial deionization methods and their performance levels reported by several researchers are presented.
微生物电化学脱盐技术已被证明是一种从目标水中去除离子化学物质的有效方法，可用于海水淡化和水污染治理。微生物脱盐电池（MDC）促进微生物脱盐，可以支持或替代传统的脱盐方法。通过生物电化学氧化废水中存在的有机污染物来产生电能，这反过来又导致 MDC 系统中离子的迁移。本综述旨在阐明微生物脱盐电池和微生物燃料电池（MFC）在处理咸水和废水方面的原理、原理和应用。空气阴极 MDC 和堆叠 MDC 用于净化盐水被发现具有很有前途的结果。空气泵辅助微生物脱盐电池报告了 150.39 ppm h 的盐去除率，运行时间为 80 h，并显示出一致的结果。因此，与堆叠 MDC 相比，空气阴极辅助 MDC 显示出更强的脱盐能力。此外，还综述了三种主要类型的微生物燃料电池，即光合生物膜 MFC、构建湿地 MFC 和陶瓷膜支撑 MFC，以评估它们通过去离子方法和发电处理废水的潜力。具有 435.8 Ω外部电阻的光合微生物燃料电池运行 16 天，报告了 100%的化学需氧量去除。当构造湿地微生物燃料电池在 1000 欧姆的外部电阻下运行 10 天时，它显示出从废水中完全（100%）去除化学需氧量。陶瓷膜支撑微生物燃料电池实现了约 92%的化学需氧量去除。与陶瓷膜微生物燃料电池相比，光合和构建湿地微生物燃料电池在污染物去除能力和经济因素方面表现出更好的性能。电生成物种，即 Geobacter、Shewanella、Clostridium 和 Bacillus 以及光合物种，如 Chorella Vulgaris Rhodopsuedomonas 和 Scenedesmus abundans 在微生物脱盐方法中的能力及其被几位研究人员报告的性能水平。
