Department of Women's Health Care, Fujian Maternity and Child Health Hospital, Fuzhou, Fujian, 350000, People's Republic of China.
Department of Rehabilitation Assessment, Rehabilitation Hospital Affiliated to Fujian University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Fuzhou, Fujian, 350000, People's Republic of China.
BMC Pregnancy Childbirth. 2022 Aug 6;22(1):624. doi: 10.1186/s12884-022-04952-0.
To evaluate pelvic floor muscle strength using surface electromyography and risk factors for pelvic floor muscle strength in the early postpartum period.
This retrospective study included 21,302 participants who visited Fujian Maternity and Child Health Hospital from September 2019 to February 2022. All participants were assessed by medical professionals for general information and surface electromyography.
Univariate analysis indicated that age was inversely related to tonic and endurance contractions. In contrast, all the other variables, including education level, body mass index, neonatal weight, and number of fetuses, had a positive impact on rapid, tonic, and endurance contractions. Likewise, parity was also positively associated with rapid contractions. In addition, compared with vaginal delivery, cesarean section delivery had a protective effect on the amplitude of the three types of contractions. Stepwise regression analysis showed that both age and neonatal weight had a negative linear relationship with the amplitude of rapid, tonic and endurance contractions. In contrast, the amplitude of rapid, tonic and endurance contractions significantly increased as body mass index, parity (≤ 3), education level and gestational weight gain (endurance contractions only) increased. Participants with cesarean section delivery showed positive effects on rapid, tonic, and endurance contractions compared to participants with vaginal delivery.
We found that age, neonatal weight, vaginal delivery, episiotomy, and forceps delivery were risk factors for pelvic floor muscle strength; in contrast, body mass index, parity (≤ 3) and gestational weight gain had a positive relationship with pelvic floor muscle strength.
使用表面肌电图评估盆底肌力量，并分析产后早期盆底肌力量的相关危险因素。
本回顾性研究纳入了 2019 年 9 月至 2022 年 2 月期间在福建省妇幼保健院就诊的 21302 名产妇。所有参与者均由专业医务人员评估一般信息和表面肌电图。
单因素分析表明，年龄与紧张性收缩和耐力收缩呈负相关。相比之下，包括教育程度、体重指数、新生儿体重和胎儿数量在内的所有其他变量均对快速收缩、紧张性收缩和耐力收缩有积极影响。同样，产次与快速收缩也呈正相关。此外，与阴道分娩相比，剖宫产对三种收缩的振幅有保护作用。逐步回归分析显示，年龄和新生儿体重与快速、紧张和耐力收缩的振幅呈负线性关系。相反，随着体重指数、产次（≤3 次）、教育程度和妊娠期体重增加（仅耐力收缩）的增加，快速、紧张和耐力收缩的振幅显著增加。与阴道分娩相比，剖宫产对快速、紧张和耐力收缩有积极影响。
我们发现年龄、新生儿体重、阴道分娩、会阴切开术和产钳助产是盆底肌力量的危险因素；而体重指数、产次（≤3 次）和妊娠期体重增加与盆底肌力量呈正相关。
