Waseda Institute for Sport Sciences, Waseda University, Japan; Euphoria Institute of Sports Science, Japan. Electronic address: https://twitter.com/miwako_AT.
Department of Pediatrics and Child Health, Nihon University School of Medicine, Japan; Department of Nutrition and Life Science, Kanagawa Institute of Technology, Japan.
J Sci Med Sport. 2022 Sep;25(9):705-709. doi: 10.1016/j.jsams.2022.06.011. Epub 2022 Jul 2.
To examine the incidence and survival rates of sudden cardiac arrest that were documented during school organized sports in Japan.
Retrospective cohort study.
Insurance claim data of cardiac events (sudden cardiac death and sudden cardiac arrest with resultant disabilities) that occurred during Japanese high school organized sports between 2009 and 2018 were retrieved. Participation data from All Japan High School Athletic Federation and Japan High School Baseball Federation were used for incidence rate calculations. Incidence rate ratios with 95 % confidence interval were calculated to compare the risk by sports and sex. The survival rate was calculated with the proportion of resuscitated cases to total number of cardiac events in this dataset.
A total of 55 cardiac events (25 survivors and 30 deceased) were identified in the dataset. The majority affected male student-athletes (92.7 %). The frequency and incidence rate of cardiac events were highest in male baseball (n = 16 [29.1 %], incidence rate: 0.91 per 100,000 athlete-years). Incidence rate ratio revealed that male basketball (2.19, 95 % confidence interval: 1.04-4.60), male baseball (2.31, 95 % confidence interval: 1.32-4.03), and first-year male baseball (4.11, 95 % confidence interval: 2.10-8.07) had significantly higher risk of cardiac events, compared to the overall incidence rate (0.38 per 100,000 athlete-years). The survival rates were 37.5 % in the first half (2009-2013) and 56.5 % in the latter half (2014-2018) of the study period.
The risk of cardiac events was highest in male, baseball, first-year student-athletes. Rapid AED application by bystanders should be advocated to enhance better survival.
研究日本学校组织的体育活动中记录的心脏性猝死的发生率和存活率。
回顾性队列研究。
检索了 2009 年至 2018 年期间在日本高中组织的体育活动中发生的心脏事件（心源性猝死和心源性骤停导致残疾）的保险索赔数据。使用全日本高中体育联合会和日本高中棒球联合会的参赛数据来计算发病率。通过比较不同运动项目和性别之间的发病率比来计算风险比。利用该数据集中心脏事件总例数和抢救存活例数的比例来计算存活率。
该数据集中共确定了 55 例心脏事件（25 例幸存者和 30 例死亡者）。受影响的主要是男性学生运动员（92.7%）。男性棒球运动员的心脏事件频率和发生率最高（n=16 [29.1%]，发病率：0.91/100,000 运动员年）。发病率比显示，男性篮球（2.19，95%置信区间：1.04-4.60）、男性棒球（2.31，95%置信区间：1.32-4.03）和一年级男性棒球（4.11，95%置信区间：2.10-8.07）的心脏事件风险明显高于总体发病率（0.38/100,000 运动员年）。在前半段研究期间（2009-2013 年），存活率为 37.5%，在后半段研究期间（2014-2018 年），存活率为 56.5%。
男性、棒球、一年级学生运动员的心脏事件风险最高。提倡旁观者快速应用 AED 以提高生存机会。
