Subhani Muhammad Azeem, Amjad Muhammad, Iqbal Muhammad Mohsin, Murtaza Behzad, Imran Muhammad, Naeem Muhammad Asif, Abbas Ghulam, Andersen Mathias Neumann
Department of Environmental Sciences, COMSATS University Islamabad, Vehari Campus, Vehari, 61100, Pakistan.
Department of Agroecology, Aarhus University, Blichers Allé 50, 8830, Tjele, Denmark.
Environ Geochem Health. 2023 Jan;45(1):227-246. doi: 10.1007/s10653-022-01336-3. Epub 2022 Aug 8.
Plants antioxidative system is the first line of defense against oxidative stress caused secondarily by toxic ions under salinity. Plants with pre-activated antioxidative system can better adapt to salinity and can result in higher growth and yield. The current experiment was conducted to assess the adaptation of two tomato genotypes (Riogrande and Green Gold) with pre-activated antioxidative enzymes against salt stress. Tomato seedlings were exposed to mild stress (Ni: 0, 15 and 30 mg L) for three weeks to activate the antioxidative enzymes. The seedlings with pre-activated antioxidative enzymes were then grown under severe stress in hydroponics (0, 75 and 150 mM NaCl) and soil (control, 7.5 and 15 dS m) to check the adaptation, growth and yield. The results showed that Ni toxicity significantly enhanced activities of antioxidant enzymes (SOD, CAT, APX and POX) in both the genotypes and reduced growth with higher values in genotype Riogrande than Green Gold. The seedlings with pre-activated antioxidant enzymes showed better growth, low Na and high K uptake and maintained higher antioxidative enzymes activity than non-treated seedlings after four weeks of salt stress treatment in hydroponics. Similarly, the results in soil salinity treatment of the Ni pretreated seedlings showed higher yield characteristics (fruit yield per plant, average fruit weight and fruit diameter) than non-treated seedlings. However, Ni pretreatment had nonsignificant effect on tomato fruit quality characteristics like fruit dry matter percentage, total soluble solids, fruit juice pH and titratable acidity. The genotype Riogrande showed better growth, yield and fruit quality than Green Gold due to higher activity of antioxidant enzymes and better ion homeostasis as a result of Ni pretreatment. The results suggest that pre-activation antioxidant enzymes by Ni treatment proved to be an effective strategy to attenuate salt stress for better growth and yield of tomato plants.
植物抗氧化系统是抵御盐胁迫下有毒离子继发产生的氧化应激的第一道防线。具有预激活抗氧化系统的植物能更好地适应盐胁迫，并能实现更高的生长量和产量。本实验旨在评估两种具有预激活抗氧化酶的番茄基因型（里奥格兰德和绿金）对盐胁迫的适应性。将番茄幼苗暴露于轻度胁迫（镍：0、15和30毫克/升）下三周以激活抗氧化酶。然后将具有预激活抗氧化酶的幼苗在水培（0、75和150毫摩尔/升氯化钠）和土壤（对照、7.5和15电导率米）的重度胁迫下生长，以检查其适应性、生长和产量。结果表明，镍毒性显著增强了两种基因型中抗氧化酶（超氧化物歧化酶、过氧化氢酶、抗坏血酸过氧化物酶和过氧化物酶）的活性，并降低了生长量，里奥格兰德基因型中的数值高于绿金基因型。在水培盐胁迫处理四周后，具有预激活抗氧化酶的幼苗比未处理的幼苗表现出更好的生长、较低的钠吸收和较高的钾吸收，并保持了更高的抗氧化酶活性。同样，镍预处理幼苗的土壤盐度处理结果显示，其产量特征（单株果实产量、平均果实重量和果实直径）高于未处理的幼苗。然而，镍预处理对番茄果实品质特征如果实干物质百分比、总可溶性固形物、果汁pH值和可滴定酸度没有显著影响。由于抗氧化酶活性较高以及镍预处理导致更好的离子稳态，里奥格兰德基因型比绿金基因型表现出更好的生长、产量和果实品质。结果表明，通过镍处理预激活抗氧化酶被证明是减轻盐胁迫以促进番茄植株更好生长和产量的有效策略。
