Grupo de Estudios Químicos Y Biológicos, Universidad Tecnológica de Bolívar, 130010, Cartagena, Colombia.
Environ Monit Assess. 2022 Aug 8;194(9):654. doi: 10.1007/s10661-022-10328-w.
Perchlorate is a contaminant that can persist in groundwater and soil, and is frequently detected in different ecosystems at concentrations relevant to human health. This study isolated and characterised halotolerant bacteria that can potentially perform perchlorate reduction. Bacterial microorganisms were isolated from marine sediments on Deception, Horseshoe and Half Moon Islands of Antarctica. The results of the 16S ribosomal RNA (rRNA) gene sequence analysis indicated that the isolates were phylogenetically related to Psychrobacter cryohalolentis, Psychrobacter urativorans, Idiomarina loihiensis, Psychrobacter nivimaris, Sporosarcina aquimarina and Pseudomonas lactis. The isolates grew at a sodium chloride concentration of up to 30% and a perchlorate concentration of up to 10,000 mg/L, which showed their ability to survive in saline conditions and high perchlorate concentrations. Between 21.6 and 40% of perchlorate was degraded by the isolated bacteria. P. cryohalolentis and P. urativorans degraded 30.3% and 32.6% of perchlorate, respectively. I. loihiensis degraded 40% of perchlorate, and P. nivimaris, S. aquimarina and P. lactis degraded 22%, 21.8% and 21.6% of perchlorate, respectively. I. loihiensis had the highest reduction in perchlorate, whereas P. lactis had the lowest reduction. This study is significant as it is the first finding of P. cryohalolentis and. P. lactis on the Antarctic continent. In conclusion, these bacteria isolated from marine sediments on Antarctica offer promising resources for the bioremediation of perchlorate contamination due to their ability to degrade perchlorate, showing their potential use as a biological system to reduce perchlorate in high-salinity ecosystems.
高氯酸盐是一种污染物，它可以在地下水和土壤中持续存在，并经常在不同的生态系统中以与人类健康相关的浓度被检测到。本研究分离并鉴定了具有潜在还原高氯酸盐能力的耐盐细菌。从南极洲欺骗岛、马蹄岛和半月岛的海洋沉积物中分离出了细菌微生物。16S 核糖体 RNA（rRNA）基因序列分析的结果表明，这些分离株与嗜冷杆菌、尿热杆菌、洛氏深海菌、冰雪杆菌、海水球红螺菌和乳脂链球菌具有系统发育关系。这些分离株在氯化钠浓度高达 30%和高氯酸盐浓度高达 10000mg/L 的条件下生长，这表明它们有能力在盐度条件和高氯酸盐浓度下生存。分离菌可降解 21.6%至 40%的高氯酸盐。嗜冷杆菌和尿热杆菌分别降解了 30.3%和 32.6%的高氯酸盐。洛氏深海菌降解了 40%的高氯酸盐，冰雪杆菌、海水球红螺菌和乳脂链球菌分别降解了 22%、21.8%和 21.6%的高氯酸盐。洛氏深海菌对高氯酸盐的还原率最高，而乳脂链球菌的还原率最低。本研究具有重要意义，因为这是首次在南极大陆发现嗜冷杆菌和乳脂链球菌。总之，这些从南极洲海洋沉积物中分离出的细菌是高氯酸盐污染生物修复的有前途的资源，因为它们具有降解高氯酸盐的能力，展示了它们在高盐度生态系统中作为降低高氯酸盐的生物系统的潜在用途。
