Surgical Intensive Care Unit, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310009, China.
Contrast Media Mol Imaging. 2022 Jul 20;2022:6057115. doi: 10.1155/2022/6057115. eCollection 2022.
Tracheal intubation is an important access to general anesthesia surgery or respiratory support in critically ill patients. Orotracheal intubation is the most common method of establishing artificial airways in clinical practice. Tracheal intubation and mechanically assisted breathing are among the important steps in the clinical rescue of critically ill patients. During tracheal intubation, it easily causes iatrogenic skin damage, unclear mouth, ulcer, and other oral mucosal complications due to the improper fixation method and excellent dental pads. Therefore, the purpose of this study was to design a novel oral suction device for patients with orotracheal intubation and explore its safety, convenience, and comfort in the clinical application of orotracheal intubation patients. From October 2016 to April 2017, a total of 232 patients with mechanical ventilation through orotracheal intubation in the Department of Surgery and Critical Care Medicine were selected by the convenience sampling method. According to the random number table method, 232 cases were divided into the experimental group and control group, with 116 cases in each group. The experimental group used a self-designed oral fluid suction device to fix the tracheal intubation; the control group used the traditional method, placing ordinary disposable tooth pads, and then using 3M tape to fix the tracheal intubation. The incidence of oral mucosa and lip pressure ulcers, patient comfort, and tracheal tube displacement were observed and compared between the two groups. The incidence of oral mucosa and lip pressure ulcers in the observation group using the self-designed oral fluid suction device to fix the tracheal intubation was significantly lower than that in the control group. At the same time, the comfort of the patients was significantly higher than that of the control group, the incidence of tracheal tube displacement was significantly lower than that of the control group, and the differences between the above indicators were statistically significant ( < 0.05). For patients with orotracheal intubation, using a new oral fluid suction device to fix the tracheal intubation can effectively prevent the displacement of the tracheal intubation, protect the oral mucosa and lips, and reduce the pain of the patient. At the same time, the oral fluid suction device designed in this study has low production cost, strong practicability, and is suitable for clinical promotion.
气管插管是危重病患者全身麻醉手术或呼吸支持的重要途径。经口气管插管是临床实践中建立人工气道最常用的方法。气管插管和机械辅助通气是危重病患者临床抢救的重要步骤。在气管插管过程中，由于固定方法不当和牙垫优良，容易造成医源性皮肤损伤、口腔不清、溃疡等口腔黏膜并发症。因此，本研究旨在设计一种新型的经口气管插管患者口腔吸引装置，并探讨其在经口气管插管患者临床应用中的安全性、便利性和舒适性。
2016 年 10 月至 2017 年 4 月，采用便利抽样法选择普外科和重症监护病房机械通气的 232 例经口气管插管患者。根据随机数字表法，将 232 例患者分为实验组和对照组，每组 116 例。实验组采用自行设计的口腔吸痰装置固定气管插管；对照组采用传统方法，放置普通一次性牙垫，然后用 3M 胶带固定气管插管。观察并比较两组患者口腔黏膜和唇压疮的发生率、患者舒适度和气管导管移位情况。
使用自行设计的口腔吸痰装置固定气管插管的观察组口腔黏膜和唇压疮的发生率明显低于对照组。同时，患者舒适度明显高于对照组，气管导管移位发生率明显低于对照组，上述指标差异均有统计学意义（<0.05）。
对于经口气管插管的患者，使用新型口腔吸痰装置固定气管插管，可有效防止气管插管移位，保护口腔黏膜和嘴唇，减轻患者痛苦。同时，本研究设计的口腔吸痰装置生产成本低，实用性强，适合临床推广。
