Baharum Syarul Nataqain, Mayalvanan Yosmetha, Natnan Maya Erna, Azizan Kamalrul Azlan, Bunawan Hamidun, Him Nik Raikhan Nik, Low Chen-Fei, Chong Chou-Min
Metabolomics Research Laboratory, Institute of Systems Biology (INBIOSIS), Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, UKM, Bangi, 43600 Selangor Malaysia.
Faculty of Chemical Engineering, Universiti Teknologi MARA (UiTM), Shah Alam, 40450 Selangor Malaysia.
3 Biotech. 2022 Sep;12(9):206. doi: 10.1007/s13205-022-03269-1. Epub 2022 Aug 3.
is economically crucial to various Southeast Asia countries where they are reared in fish farms to meet the demand for supply. However, a systemic infectious disease known as vibriosis has steadily and extensively affected the fish farming industry. The disease is caused by spp., which are pathogenic gram-negative bacteria. This study focused on understanding the host's metabolic adaptation against infection, which features a survival phenotype, by profiling the metabolites in grouper fingerlings that survived the experimental infection. Mapping of the pathways is crucial to explain the roles of metabolites in fish immunity. A solvent extraction method was used on the grouper's immune organs (gills, liver and spleen) prior to Liquid Chromatography-Quadrupole Time-of-Flight Mass Spectrometry (LC-qTOF-MS) analysis. The metabolites identified in fingerlings that survived experimental infections were mostly amino acids (primary metabolites). Glutamine (0.44%), alanine (0.68%), phenylalanine (2.63%) and tyrosine (2.60%) were highly abundant in survived-infected gills. Aspartic acid (13.57%) and leucine (4.01%) were highly abundant in the livers of the survived-infected fish and lysine was highly abundant in both gills (2.94%) and liver (3.64%) of the survived-infected fish. Subsequent bioinformatics analysis revealed the involvement of the identified functional amino acids in various immune-related pathways. The current findings facilitate the comprehension of the metabolic adaptation of grouper fingerlings that exhibited a survival phenotype against infection.
The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1007/s13205-022-03269-1.
对东南亚各国具有重要经济意义，在这些国家的养鱼场中养殖它们以满足供应需求。然而，一种名为弧菌病的系统性传染病已持续且广泛地影响着养鱼业。该疾病由弧菌属细菌引起，这些细菌是致病性革兰氏阴性菌。本研究聚焦于通过分析在实验性感染中存活的石斑鱼幼鱼的代谢物，来了解宿主针对弧菌感染的代谢适应性，这种适应性具有生存表型。代谢途径的映射对于解释代谢物在鱼类免疫中的作用至关重要。在进行液相色谱 - 四极杆飞行时间质谱（LC - qTOF - MS）分析之前，对石斑鱼的免疫器官（鳃、肝脏和脾脏）采用了溶剂萃取法。在实验性感染中存活的幼鱼中鉴定出的代谢物大多是氨基酸（初级代谢物）。谷氨酰胺（0.44%）、丙氨酸（0.68%）、苯丙氨酸（2.63%）和酪氨酸（2.60%）在存活感染的鳃中含量很高。天冬氨酸（13.57%）和亮氨酸（4.01%）在存活感染鱼的肝脏中含量很高，赖氨酸在存活感染鱼的鳃（2.94%）和肝脏（3.64%）中含量都很高。随后的生物信息学分析揭示了所鉴定的功能性氨基酸参与了各种免疫相关途径。当前的研究结果有助于理解表现出针对弧菌感染生存表型的石斑鱼幼鱼的代谢适应性。
在线版本包含可在10.1007/s13205 - 022 - 03269 - 1获取的补充材料。
