Lim Jiyoung, Ko Kwon, Lee Kyung Eun, Park Jae Bum, Lee Seungho, Jeong Inchul
Department of Occupational and Environmental Medicine, Ajou University Hospital, Suwon, Republic of Korea.
Department of Epidemiologic Investigation, Occupational Safety and Health Research Institute, Korea Occupational Safety and Health Agency, Ulsan, Republic of Korea.
Saf Health Work. 2022 Mar;13(1):117-125. doi: 10.1016/j.shaw.2021.12.001. Epub 2021 Dec 5.
External-cause mortality is an important public health issue worldwide. Considering its significance to workers' health and inequalities across industries, we aimed to describe the state of external-cause mortality and investigate its difference by industry in Republic of Korea based on data for 2018.
Data obtained from the Statistics Korea and Korean Employment Information System were used. External causes of death were divided into three categories (suicide, transport accident, and others), and death occurred during employment period or within 90 days after unemployment was regarded as workers' death. We calculated age- and sex-standardized mortalities per 100,000, standardized mortality ratios (SMRs) compared to the general population and total workers, and mortality rate ratios (RRs) across industries using information and communication as a reference. Correlation analyses between income, education, and mortality were conducted.
Age- and sex-standardized external-cause mortality per 100,000 in all workers was 29.4 (suicide: 16.2, transport accident: 6.6, others: 6.6). Compared to the general population, all external-cause and suicide SMRs were significantly lower; however, there was no significant difference in transport accidents. When compared to total workers, wholesale, transportation, and business facilities management showed higher SMR for suicide, and agriculture, forestry, and fishing, mining and quarrying, construction, transportation and storage, and public administration and defense showed higher SMR for transport accidents. A moderate to strong negative correlation was observed between education level and mortality (both age- and sex-standardized mortality rates and SMR compared to the general population).
Inequalities in external-cause mortalities from suicide, transport accidents, and other causes were found. For reducing the differences, improved policies are needed for industries with higher mortalities.
外因性死亡率是全球重要的公共卫生问题。鉴于其对工人健康的重要性以及各行业间的不平等现象，我们旨在根据2018年的数据描述韩国外因性死亡率状况，并调查各行业之间的差异。
使用从韩国统计局和韩国就业信息系统获取的数据。死亡外因分为三类（自杀、交通事故和其他），就业期间或失业后90天内发生的死亡视为工人死亡。我们计算了每10万人的年龄和性别标准化死亡率、与普通人群和全体工人相比的标准化死亡比（SMR），以及以信息和通信行业为参照的各行业死亡率比（RR）。对收入、教育程度和死亡率进行了相关性分析。
所有工人每10万人的年龄和性别标准化外因性死亡率为29.4（自杀：16.2，交通事故：6.6，其他：6.6）。与普通人群相比，所有外因性和自杀SMR均显著较低；然而，交通事故方面没有显著差异。与全体工人相比，批发、运输和商业设施管理行业的自杀SMR较高，农业、林业和渔业、采矿和采石业、建筑业、运输和仓储业以及公共管理和国防行业的交通事故SMR较高。教育水平与死亡率之间观察到中度至强的负相关（年龄和性别标准化死亡率以及与普通人群相比的SMR）。
发现自杀、交通事故和其他原因导致的外因性死亡率存在不平等现象。为缩小差异，需要针对死亡率较高的行业制定更好的政策。
