Gwizdala Kathryn L, Brouillete Robert, Beyl Robbie, Johnson William, Hebert Callie, Carter Leah, Harris Melissa, Newton Robert L, Carmichael Owen T
Pennington Biomedical Research Center, Baton Rouge, LA, United States.
Front Aging Neurosci. 2022 Jul 22;14:921978. doi: 10.3389/fnagi.2022.921978. eCollection 2022.
Regular physical activity lowers risk for cognitive decline and neurodegenerative disorders. Older African Americans (AAs) have been underrepresented in trials that increased physical activity to improve cognitive outcomes.
56 sedentary, older, cognitively healthy AAs (avg. 69.2 ± 3.4 yrs. old) were randomized in 1:1 ratio into either a 12-week successful aging group (SAG) or a 12-week physical activity group (PAG). Participants in SAG attended weekly 60-min educational sessions in which healthy aging topics were discussed. Participants in PAG attended supervised physical activity sessions twice per week at local YMCAs (90-120 min/week) and were prescribed 2-3 days per week of home-based activity. The Repeatable Battery for the Assessment of Neuropsychological Status (RBANS) assessed cognitive function. ANCOVA models compared mean 12-week change in global cognition and subdomain scores between groups with secondary analyses for sex differences. Effect sizes for RBANS were calculated.
The RBANS global cognition score (SAG Est. 5.6 ± 1.8, effect size = 0.37, = 0.003) and several subdomain scores (one-sample tests, all < 0.05) increased significantly within the SAG. Scores for global cognition increased more in SAG than in PAG (Change Estimate, PAG minus SAG: -4.6 ± 2.5 points, effect size = 0.31) at a trend level ( = 0.072). SAG females increased their global cognition score more than PAG females and more than males in either PAG or SAG (all < 0.035).
A 12-week physical activity intervention (PAG) did not improve cognitive functioning among older AAs but a comparator healthy aging education program did. Inadequate physical activity dosage or duration, SAG members acting on health-related information from educational sessions, and/or social stimulation within the SAG may have contributed to these results. Future studies should combine socially engaging activities with vigorous physical activity for cognitive enhancement among cognitively healthy older African Americans.
www.ClinicalTrials.gov, identifier NCT03474302.
规律的体育活动可降低认知能力下降和神经退行性疾病的风险。在旨在通过增加体育活动来改善认知结果的试验中，老年非裔美国人（AA）的参与度一直不足。
56名久坐不动、年龄较大、认知健康的非裔美国人（平均年龄69.2±3.4岁）按1:1的比例随机分为12周的成功老龄化组（SAG）或12周的体育活动组（PAG）。SAG组的参与者每周参加60分钟的教育课程，课程中会讨论健康老龄化的话题。PAG组的参与者每周在当地基督教青年会参加两次有监督的体育活动课程（每周90 - 120分钟），并被规定每周进行2 - 3天的家庭活动。使用可重复神经心理状态评估量表（RBANS）评估认知功能。协方差分析模型比较了两组之间12周内整体认知和子领域分数的平均变化，并对性别差异进行了二次分析。计算了RBANS的效应量。
SAG组的RBANS整体认知分数（估计值5.6±1.8，效应量 = 0.37，P = 0.003）和几个子领域分数（单样本t检验，所有P < 0.05）显著增加。SAG组的整体认知分数增幅大于PAG组（变化估计值，PAG组减去SAG组：-4.6±2.5分，效应量 = 0.31），达到趋势水平（P = 0.072）。SAG组的女性比PAG组的女性以及PAG组或SAG组中的男性增加的整体认知分数更多（所有P < 0.035）。
一项为期12周的体育活动干预（PAG）并未改善老年非裔美国人的认知功能，但一个对照的健康老龄化教育项目做到了。体育活动剂量或持续时间不足、SAG组成员根据教育课程中的健康相关信息采取行动，和/或SAG组内的社交刺激可能导致了这些结果。未来的研究应将社交参与活动与剧烈体育活动相结合，以增强认知健康的老年非裔美国人的认知能力。
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