Kuroda Naoki, Ikeda Kazuhiro, Teramoto Wataru
Graduate School of Social and Cultural Sciences, Kumamoto University, Kumamoto, Japan.
Japan Society for the Promotion of Science, Tokyo, Japan.
Front Neurosci. 2022 Jul 22;16:938446. doi: 10.3389/fnins.2022.938446. eCollection 2022.
Previous studies have shown that space perception around the body is altered by self-motion, and that several self-motion cues from different modalities, including vision, proprioception, the vestibular system, and the motor system (motor commands) contribute to it. However, studies on how online self-motion information affects the perception of a passable width of a narrow aperture is largely overlooked by existing literature. Therefore, this study investigated this issue during virtual bike riding. Participants observed a narrow doorway aperture with varied widths in a virtual environment through a head-mounted display while riding a stationary bike. Visual self-motion information was presented by optical flow, while motor commands and proprioceptive feedback (non-visual information) was provided by having participants pedal the bike. The participants were then required to judge whether the presented aperture was passable. Experiment 1, where both visual and non-visual cues were provided, confirmed that the perceived passable width significantly increased with increasing self-motion speed, as previously shown during walking. Experiment 2, where self-motion cues were manipulated, showed that expansion of the perceived passable width was mainly induced by visual self-motion information. These results suggest that online self-motion information can affect passable width perception during bike riding and that visual self-motion information plays a significant role in this perception.
先前的研究表明，身体周围的空间感知会因自我运动而改变，并且来自不同模态的几种自我运动线索，包括视觉、本体感觉、前庭系统和运动系统（运动指令）都对此有影响。然而，关于在线自我运动信息如何影响对狭窄孔径可通过宽度的感知，现有文献很大程度上忽略了这一研究。因此，本研究在虚拟骑自行车过程中对这一问题进行了调查。参与者在骑固定自行车时，通过头戴式显示器在虚拟环境中观察不同宽度的狭窄门道孔径。视觉自我运动信息由光流呈现，而运动指令和本体感觉反馈（非视觉信息）则通过让参与者踩踏板提供。然后要求参与者判断所呈现的孔径是否可通过。实验1提供了视觉和非视觉线索，证实了与之前行走时的情况一样，随着自我运动速度的增加，感知到的可通过宽度显著增加。实验2对自我运动线索进行了操控，结果表明感知到的可通过宽度的扩大主要由视觉自我运动信息引起。这些结果表明，在线自我运动信息会影响骑自行车时对可通过宽度的感知，并且视觉自我运动信息在这种感知中起着重要作用。
