在 SARS-CoV-2 疫情期间，第三剂 mRNA 疫苗接种对农村养老院居民的保护作用。
Protective effects of prior third dose mRNA vaccination in rural nursing home residents during SARS-CoV-2 outbreaks.
机构信息
Prairie Mountain Health, University of Manitoba Section of Geriatric Medicine, Winnipeg, Manitoba, Canada.
Max Rady School of Medicine, Departments of Community Health Sciences and Internal Medicine, Section of Geriatric Medicine, and Faculty of Graduate Studies, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, Manitoba, Canada.
出版信息
J Am Geriatr Soc. 2022 Nov;70(11):3245-3249. doi: 10.1111/jgs.17996. Epub 2022 Aug 8.
BACKGROUND
In Canada, mortality due to SARS-CoV-2 disproportionately impacted residents of nursing homes (NH). In November 2021, NH residents in the Canadian province of Manitoba became eligible to receive three doses of mRNA vaccine but coverage with three doses has not been universal. The objective of this study was to compare the protection from infection conferred by one, two, and three doses of COVID-19 mRNA vaccine compared to no vaccination among residents of nursing homes experiencing SARS-CoV-2 outbreaks.
METHODS
Infection Prevention and Control reports from 8 rural nursing homes experiencing outbreaks of SARS-CoV-2 between January 6, 2022, and March 5, 2022, were analyzed. Attack rates and the number needed to vaccinate (NNV) were calculated.
RESULTS
SARS-CoV-2 attack rate was 65% among NH residents not vaccinated, 58% among residents who received 1-2 doses of mRNA COVID-19 vaccine, and 28% among residents who had received 3 vaccine doses. The NNV to prevent one nursing home resident from SARS-CoV-2 infection during an outbreak was 3 for a vaccination with 3 doses and 14 for 1-2 doses of COVID-19 mRNA vaccine. The superiority of receiving the third dose was statistically significant compared to 1-2 doses (Chi-Squared, p < 0.00001).
CONCLUSIONS
Nursing home residents who received three doses of COVID-19 mRNA vaccine were at lower risk of SARS-CoV-2 infection compared to those who received 1-2 doses. Our analyses lend support to the protective effects of the third dose of mRNA vaccine for NH residents in the event of a SARS-CoV-2 outbreak.
背景
在加拿大，SARS-CoV-2 导致的死亡率不成比例地影响了养老院（NH）的居民。2021 年 11 月，加拿大马尼托巴省的 NH 居民有资格接种三剂 mRNA 疫苗，但并非所有人都接种了三剂。本研究的目的是比较接种一剂、两剂和三剂 COVID-19 mRNA 疫苗与 NH 居民在 SARS-CoV-2 爆发期间未接种疫苗相比，对感染的保护作用。
方法
分析了 2022 年 1 月 6 日至 3 月 5 日期间 8 家农村 NH 发生 SARS-CoV-2 爆发的感染预防和控制报告。计算了发病率和需要接种的人数（NNV）。
结果
未接种疫苗的 NH 居民中 SARS-CoV-2 发病率为 65%，接种 1-2 剂 mRNA COVID-19 疫苗的居民发病率为 58%，接种 3 剂疫苗的居民发病率为 28%。接种 3 剂疫苗可预防 1 名 NH 居民在暴发期间感染 SARS-CoV-2 的 NNV 为 3，而接种 1-2 剂 COVID-19 mRNA 疫苗的 NNV 为 14。与 1-2 剂相比，接受第三剂的优势具有统计学意义（卡方检验，p<0.00001）。
结论
与接种 1-2 剂的患者相比，接种三剂 COVID-19 mRNA 疫苗的 NH 居民感染 SARS-CoV-2 的风险较低。我们的分析支持在 SARS-CoV-2 爆发时为 NH 居民接种第三剂 mRNA 疫苗的保护作用。
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