von Roemeling R, Hartwich G, Neidhardt B
Fortschr Med. 1978 Sep 28;96(36):1816-20.
Splenectomy is a surgical procedure of medium severity, the mean lethality rate is 1%, the complication rate 10 to 20%. The surgical risk is dependent upon age and general condition of the patient, the severity of the disease, and the experience of the surgeon. The risk of late complications due to surgery is determined mainly by infections as well as ileus, requiring relaparatomy. The risk of infections is higher in children than in adults: one has to be aware of miningitis and sepsis in about 10% of the patients; half of those cases end lethal. An analysis of advantages versus risks of splenectomy must be made for each patient individually. For optimal treatment it is necessary to know the stage of the disease. Concerning M. Hodgkin, explorative laparatomy combined with splenectomy should be performed in stage I to III A. If, however, the surgical risk is rather high primarily and if there are no therapeutical consequences to be expected, splenectomy should not be performed because of the known risks and disadvantages.
脾切除术是一种中等严重程度的外科手术，平均致死率为1%，并发症发生率为10%至20%。手术风险取决于患者的年龄和一般状况、疾病的严重程度以及外科医生的经验。手术引起的晚期并发症风险主要由感染以及肠梗阻决定，后者需要再次剖腹手术。儿童感染的风险高于成人：约10%的患者会出现脑膜炎和败血症；其中一半病例会致命。必须针对每个患者单独分析脾切除术的利弊。为了实现最佳治疗，有必要了解疾病的阶段。对于霍奇金病，I至III A期应进行探索性剖腹术联合脾切除术。然而，如果主要手术风险相当高且预计没有治疗效果，则不应因已知的风险和弊端而进行脾切除术。
