Department of Pediatrics, Patan Academy of Health Sciences, Lalitpur- 44700, Nepal.
B and B Hospital, Gwarkho, Lalitpur- 44700, Nepal.
J Nepal Health Res Counc. 2022 Jun 2;20(1):79-83. doi: 10.33314/jnhrc.v20i01.3841.
There are various factors which increase the risk of diabetic ketoacidosis at the onset of type 1 diabetes mellitus. There have not been any such studies in our setting. This study was done to find the prevalence and risk factors associated with the development of diabetic ketoacidosis at onset of type 1 diabetes mellitus.
Children and young adults with type 1 diabetes mellitus being treated at Patan hospital were approached and after obtaining an informed consent, all the patient information on various risk factors for diabetic ketoacidosis were collected in a pre-developed proforma. Data was entered in Microsoft Excel and analysis was done using statistical package for the social sciences-16. Ethical approval was taken from Institutional Review Committee- Patan Academy of Health Sciences.
Out of 99 patients with type 1 diabetes enrolled in the study, 52.5% presented in diabetic ketoacidosis at the onset. The duration of symptoms was significantly less in patient presenting with diabetic ketoacidosis than without diabetic ketoacidosis (6.45±7.57 vs 9.13±10.12, p=0.04). There was no significant difference in the mean age, mean glycosylated hemoglobin, mean body mass index, gender, parents' literacy and medical consultations prior to diagnosis.
More than half of the patients with type 1 diabetes presented in diabetic ketoacidosis. The shorter duration of symptoms prior to presentation was the only significant factor leading to presentation as diabetic ketoacidosis.
在 1 型糖尿病发病时，有多种因素会增加糖尿病酮症酸中毒的风险。在我们的环境中还没有这样的研究。本研究旨在探讨与 1 型糖尿病发病时发生糖尿病酮症酸中毒相关的患病率和危险因素。
对在帕坦医院接受治疗的 1 型糖尿病患儿和青年进行了调查，并在获得知情同意后，将各种糖尿病酮症酸中毒危险因素的患者信息收集在预先制定的表格中。将数据输入 Microsoft Excel 并使用统计软件包进行分析。本研究已获得帕坦学术健康科学院机构审查委员会的批准。
在纳入研究的 99 名 1 型糖尿病患者中，有 52.5%的患者在发病时出现糖尿病酮症酸中毒。与未出现糖尿病酮症酸中毒的患者相比，出现糖尿病酮症酸中毒的患者的症状持续时间明显更短（6.45±7.57 对 9.13±10.12，p=0.04）。两组在平均年龄、平均糖化血红蛋白、平均体重指数、性别、父母文化程度和诊断前的医疗咨询方面均无显著差异。
超过一半的 1 型糖尿病患者出现糖尿病酮症酸中毒。就诊前症状持续时间较短是导致糖尿病酮症酸中毒就诊的唯一显著因素。
