Department of Anesthesia and Critical Care Medicine, Johns Hopkins Hospital, Baltimore, Maryland.
Department of Gastroenterology, Johns Hopkins All Children's Hospital, St. Petersburg, Florida, USA.
Curr Opin Pediatr. 2022 Oct 1;34(5):510-515. doi: 10.1097/MOP.0000000000001157. Epub 2022 Aug 10.
The prevalence of adolescent cannabinoid hyperemesis syndrome (CHS) continues to grow, as clinicians increasingly recognize the presenting features of cyclical nausea, emesis, abdominal pain and relief of symptoms with hot showers, in the setting of chronic cannabinoid use.
Our understanding of the contributory mechanisms continues to grow, but high-quality evidence of effective treatment in adolescents remains lacking. Current best evidence in the treatment of acute paediatric CHS suggests intravenous rehydration and electrolyte correction, followed by 0.05 mg/kg haloperidol with or without a benzodiazepine. The only long-term treatment remains complete cessation of cannabinoid use.
This article reviews our growing knowledge of adolescent CHS and provides practical guidance for diagnosis, treatment and understanding the underlying mechanisms of the condition.
随着临床医生越来越多地认识到在慢性大麻素使用的情况下出现周期性恶心、呕吐、腹痛和热淋浴缓解症状的表现，青少年大麻素过度使用综合征 (CHS) 的患病率持续增长。
我们对促成机制的理解不断加深，但青少年有效治疗的高质量证据仍然缺乏。目前治疗急性儿科 CHS 的最佳证据表明，静脉补液和电解质纠正后，给予 0.05mg/kg 氟哌啶醇，可加或不加苯二氮䓬类药物。唯一的长期治疗仍然是完全停止使用大麻素。
本文综述了我们对青少年 CHS 的认识不断加深，并为诊断、治疗和了解该病症的潜在机制提供了实用指导。
