Centre for Ecosystem Science, School of Biological, Earth and Environmental Sciences, UNSW Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia.
Australian Museum Research Institute, Australian Museum, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia.
Glob Chang Biol. 2022 Nov;28(21):6194-6208. doi: 10.1111/gcb.16367. Epub 2022 Aug 10.
Anthropogenic habitat modification significantly challenges biodiversity. With its intensification, understanding species' capacity to adapt is critical for conservation planning. However, little is known about whether and how different species are responding, particularly among frogs. We used a continental-scale citizen science dataset of >226,000 audio recordings of 42 Australian frog species to investigate how calling-a proxy for breeding-phenology varied along an anthropogenic modification gradient. Calling started earlier and breeding seasons lengthened with increasing modification intensity. Breeding seasons averaged 22.9 ± 8.25 days (standard error) longer in the most modified compared to the least modified regions, suggesting that frog breeding activity was sensitive to habitat modification. We also examined whether calls varied along a modification gradient by analysing the temporal and spectral properties of advertisement calls from a subset of 441 audio recordings of three broadly distributed frog species. There was no appreciable effect of anthropogenic habitat modification on any of the measured call variables, although there was high variability. With continued habitat modification, species may shift towards earlier and longer breeding seasons, with largely unknown ecological consequences in terms of proximate and ultimate fitness.
人为的栖息地改变极大地挑战了生物多样性。随着这种改变的加剧，了解物种适应的能力对于保护规划至关重要。然而，我们对于不同物种是否以及如何做出反应知之甚少，特别是对于青蛙。我们利用一个超过 226000 个澳大利亚 42 种青蛙的音频记录的大陆范围的公民科学数据集，调查了鸣叫——繁殖期的一个代表——是如何沿着人为改变梯度变化的。随着改变强度的增加，鸣叫开始得更早，繁殖季节延长。与最不发达地区相比，在最发达地区，繁殖季节平均延长了 22.9 ± 8.25 天（标准误差），这表明青蛙的繁殖活动对栖息地的改变很敏感。我们还通过分析来自三个广泛分布的青蛙物种的 441 个音频记录的一部分的广告叫声的时间和频谱特性，来研究叫声是否沿着改变梯度变化。在任何测量的叫声变量上，都没有明显的人为栖息地改变的影响，尽管存在很大的变异性。随着栖息地的持续改变，物种可能会向更早和更长的繁殖季节转移，这可能会对近因和终极适应性产生未知的生态后果。
