腹股沟疼痛预防计划对男性高中足球运动员的影响：一项整群随机对照试验。
Effects of a Groin Pain Prevention Program in Male High School Soccer Players: A Cluster-Randomized Controlled Trial.
作者信息
Fujisaki Kazuki, Akasaka Kiyokazu, Otsudo Takahiro, Hattori Hiroshi, Hasebe Yuki, Hall Toby
机构信息
Saitama Medical University Graduate School of Medicine; Department of Physical Therapy, Ota College of Medical Technology.
Saitama Medical University Graduate School of Medicine; School of Physical therapy, Saitama Medical University.
出版信息
Int J Sports Phys Ther. 2022 Aug 1;17(5):841-850. doi: 10.26603/001c.36631. eCollection 2022.
BACKGROUND
Groin pain is frequently reported by soccer players. A prevention program incorporating the Copenhagen adduction exercise (CAE) has been shown effective in decreasing adductor muscle injury in semi-professional soccer players. However, the effect of such programs on groin pain in high school soccer players is unknown. No reports have examined the effects of combining the CAE with other targeted exercises such as the Nordic hamstrings exercise (NHE).
PURPOSE
To evaluate the preventative effects of exercise on groin pain in high school soccer players in three groups comprising NHE alone, combined NHE and CAE, and a control group.
DESIGN
Randomized Controlled Clinical Trial.
METHODS
A cluster randomized controlled trial spanning 16 weeks was conducted on 202 high school soccer players from seven high schools in a Japanese under 18 Soccer League. Players were allocated to either group A (three schools, 66 players) receiving the CAE alone, or group B (two schools, 73 players) receiving the CAE and NHE, or control group C (two schools, 63 players) who performed their usual training. This study compared the number of injuries, injury rate, and severity of the injury of groin pain in these three groups.
RESULTS
The number of players injured was less in group B (4 players) compared to C (18 players), and time-lost to soccer was less in groups A (6 players) and B (3 players) compared to group C (16 players). Injury rates were significantly lower in groups A and B, with the relative risk of injury compared to group C of 0.42 (95% CI 0.19% to 0.90%) in group A and 0.19 (95% CI 0.07 to 0.54) in group B.
CONCLUSION
A 16-week program incorporating the CAE in training sessions in high school soccer players reduced the incidence of groin pain and which may be related to injury severity according to time -lost to soccer, however the combination of both the CAE and NHE may be more effective than the CAE alone.
LEVEL OF EVIDENCE
2b.
背景
足球运动员经常报告腹股沟疼痛。一项纳入哥本哈根内收肌锻炼（CAE）的预防计划已被证明能有效减少半职业足球运动员的内收肌损伤。然而，此类计划对高中足球运动员腹股沟疼痛的影响尚不清楚。尚无报告研究将CAE与其他针对性锻炼（如北欧腿筋锻炼（NHE））相结合的效果。
目的
评估单独进行NHE、NHE与CAE联合以及对照组这三组高中足球运动员锻炼对腹股沟疼痛的预防效果。
设计
随机对照临床试验。
方法
对来自日本18岁以下足球联赛中七所高中的202名高中足球运动员进行了一项为期16周的整群随机对照试验。球员被分配到A组（三所学校，66名球员），仅接受CAE；或B组（两所学校，73名球员），接受CAE和NHE；或对照组C组（两所学校，63名球员），进行常规训练。本研究比较了这三组腹股沟疼痛的受伤人数、受伤率和损伤严重程度。
结果
与C组（18名球员）相比，B组（4名球员）受伤的球员人数更少；与C组（16名球员）相比，A组（6名球员）和B组（3名球员）因足球运动而损失的时间更少。A组和B组的受伤率显著更低，A组与C组相比受伤的相对风险为0.42（95%CI为0.19%至0.90%），B组为0.19（95%CI为0.07至0.54）。
结论
一项在高中足球运动员训练课程中纳入CAE的16周计划降低了腹股沟疼痛的发生率，且根据因足球运动而损失的时间来看，这可能与损伤严重程度有关，然而CAE和NHE两者结合可能比单独使用CAE更有效。
证据级别
2b。
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