确定拉丁美洲三个城市的年轻人克服精神困扰所使用的资源：一项定性研究。
Identifying resources used by young people to overcome mental distress in three Latin American cities: a qualitative study.
机构信息
CRONICAS Center of Excellence in Chronic Diseases, Universidad Peruana Cayetano Heredia, Lima, Peru.
Department of Clinical Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Pontificia Universidad Javeriana, Bogotá, Colombia
出版信息
BMJ Open. 2022 Aug 11;12(8):e060340. doi: 10.1136/bmjopen-2021-060340.
OBJECTIVE
To explore which resources and activities help young people living in deprived urban environments in Latin America to recover from depression and/or anxiety.
DESIGN
A multimethod, qualitative study with 18 online focus groups and 12 online structured group conversations embedded into arts workshops.
SETTING
This study was conducted in Bogotá (Colombia), Buenos Aires (Argentina) and Lima (Peru).
PARTICIPANTS
Adolescents (15-16 years old) and young adults (20-24 years old) with capacity to provide assent/consent and professionals (older than 18 years of age) that had experience of professionally working with young people were willing to share personal experience within a group, and had capacity to provide consent.
RESULTS
A total of 185 participants took part in this study: 111 participants (36 adolescents, 35 young adults and 40 professionals) attended the 18 focus groups and 74 young people (29 adolescents and 45 young adults) took part in the 12 arts workshops. Eight categories captured the resources and activities that were reported by young people as helpful to overcome mental distress: (1) personal resources, (2) personal development, (3) spirituality and religion, (4) social resources, (5) social media, (6) community resources, (7) activities (subcategorised into artistic, leisure, sports and outdoor activities) and (8) mental health professionals. Personal and social resources as well as artistic activities and sports were the most common resources identified that help adolescents and young adults to overcome depression and anxiety.
CONCLUSION
Despite the different contexts of the three cities, young people appear to use similar resources to overcome mental distress. Policies to improve the mental health of young people in deprived urban settings should address the need of community spaces, where young people can play sports, meet and engage in groups, and support community organisations that can enable and facilitate a range of social activities.
目的
探索哪些资源和活动有助于生活在拉丁美洲贫困城市环境中的年轻人从抑郁和/或焦虑中恢复。
设计
一项多方法、定性研究，包括 18 个在线焦点小组和 12 个嵌入艺术工作坊的在线结构化小组对话。
地点
本研究在哥伦比亚的波哥大、阿根廷的布宜诺斯艾利斯和秘鲁的利马进行。
参与者
有能力提供同意/同意的青少年（15-16 岁）和年轻人（20-24 岁）以及有专业经验与年轻人合作的专业人员（年龄大于 18 岁）愿意在小组内分享个人经验，并且有能力提供同意。
结果
共有 185 名参与者参加了这项研究：111 名参与者（36 名青少年、35 名年轻人和 40 名专业人员）参加了 18 个焦点小组，74 名年轻人（29 名青少年和 45 名年轻人）参加了 12 个艺术工作坊。八个类别捕捉到了年轻人报告的有助于克服精神困扰的资源和活动：（1）个人资源，（2）个人发展，（3）精神和宗教，（4）社会资源，（5）社交媒体，（6）社区资源，（7）活动（细分为艺术、休闲、体育和户外活动）和（8）心理健康专业人员。个人和社会资源以及艺术活动和体育是被确定为帮助青少年和年轻人克服抑郁和焦虑的最常见资源。
结论
尽管这三个城市的背景不同，但年轻人似乎使用类似的资源来克服精神困扰。改善贫困城市环境中年轻人心理健康的政策应满足社区空间的需求，在这些空间中，年轻人可以进行体育运动、聚会和参与小组活动，并支持能够实现和促进各种社交活动的社区组织。
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