Department of Health, Society, and Behavior, Program in Public Health, University of California, Irvine, Irvine, USA.
Department of Family Medicine, School of Medicine, University of California, Irvine, Irvine, USA.
J Racial Ethn Health Disparities. 2023 Aug;10(4):2061-2070. doi: 10.1007/s40615-022-01386-4. Epub 2022 Aug 11.
Qualitative work has found that Latino food pantry recipients share food and reciprocally provide social support to their food-insecure neighbors. These findings suggest that neighborhood cohesion (NC) may serve as an important community-level resource that Latinos utilize as a coping mechanism when food-insecure. High levels of NC may be a proxy for instrumental support outside the household and act as a buffer against the adverse health effects of food insecurity including type 2 diabetes (T2D), which is highly sensitive to food insecurity. The purpose of this study was to quantitatively test this theory by examining whether NC moderated the association between T2D and food security (FS) status among Latino adults nationwide. We used data from the 2013-2018 National Health Interview Survey (n = 23,478). We found that FS status was associated with T2D prevalence, with Latino adults having a higher odds of T2D if they had low FS or very low FS compared to their FS counterparts. We also found Latinos adults who reported high NC had a lower odds of T2D compared to those who reported low NC. However, we did not find there was significant interaction between FS status and NC on T2D. NC may instead be a precursor to FS status, rather than a buffer of food insecurity on T2D. Low NC may lead to less instrumental support and tangible benefits that determine FS. Additionally, perceived NC might not align with objective NC and T2D may be too distal of a health outcome to test the protective effect of NC.
定性研究发现，拉丁裔食品储藏室的接受者会分享食物，并相互为食品不安全的邻居提供社会支持。这些发现表明，邻里凝聚力（NC）可能是一个重要的社区资源，拉丁裔人在面临食品不安全时可以利用它作为应对机制。高水平的 NC 可能是家庭以外工具性支持的代表，并作为缓冲，防止食品不安全对健康的不利影响，包括 2 型糖尿病（T2D），T2D 对食品不安全高度敏感。本研究的目的是通过检查 NC 是否调节了全国拉丁裔成年人中 T2D 与食品保障（FS）状况之间的关联，来定量检验这一理论。我们使用了 2013-2018 年全国健康访谈调查（n=23478）的数据。我们发现 FS 状况与 T2D 患病率有关，与 FS 状况相同的成年人相比，FS 水平低或非常低的拉丁裔成年人患 T2D 的几率更高。我们还发现，报告 NC 水平高的拉丁裔成年人患 T2D 的几率比报告 NC 水平低的成年人低。然而，我们没有发现 FS 状况和 NC 之间在 T2D 上存在显著的交互作用。NC 可能是 FS 状况的前兆，而不是 T2D 上食品不安全的缓冲。低 NC 可能导致较少的工具性支持和确定 FS 的实际利益。此外，感知到的 NC 可能与客观的 NC 不一致，而 T2D 可能是一个过于遥远的健康结果，无法测试 NC 的保护作用。
