Dai Tongtong, Dong Dong, Wang Siran, Zong Cheng, Yin Xuejing, Xu Guofeng, Jia Yushan, Shao Tao
Institute of Ensiling and Processing of Grass, College of Agro-Grassland Science, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, China.
Key Laboratory of Forage Cultivation, Processing and High Efficient Utilization, Ministry of Agriculture, Inner Mongolia Agricultural University, Hohhot, Inner Mongolia, China.
Trop Anim Health Prod. 2022 Aug 11;54(5):261. doi: 10.1007/s11250-022-03249-w.
The work aimed to investigate the effects of four organic acid salts on fermentation quality, aerobic stability, and in vitro rumen digestibility of total mixed ration (TMR) silage prepared with citric acid residue, wet brewers' grains, and Napier grass. The TMR was ensiled with the following: (1) no additives (control), (2) 0.1% sodium benzoate (SB), (3) 0.1% potassium sorbate (PS), (4) 0.5% sodium diacetate (SDA), (5) 0.5% calcium propionate (CAP) on a fresh weight basis. All silos (10 L) were opened after 60 days of ensiling to determine fermentation profiles and in vitro rumen digestibility, and then were subjected to a 9-day aerobic stability test. Four organic acid salts significantly (p < 0.05) increased dry matter contents, lactic acid bacteria count, and decreased ethanol content and yeast count compared with the control. The SDA and CAP significantly (p < 0.05) increased water-soluble carbohydrates, lactic acid, and crude protein contents, and decreased pH, ammonia nitrogen, neutral detergent fiber, and hemicellulose contents compared with other TMR silages after 60 days of ensiling. Organic acid salts significantly (p < 0.05) prolonged the hours of aerobic stability and significantly (p < 0.05) increased cumulative gas production and potential gas production compared with the control. The treatments of SDA and CAP significantly (p < 0.05) improved aerobic stability as indicated by higher (p < 0.05) lactic acid and water-soluble carbohydrates contents, and lower (p < 0.05) pH, ammonia nitrogen, ethanol contents, and yeast count compared with the control. The treatments of SDA and CAP significantly (p < 0.05) increased in vitro rumen parameters, as indicated by higher (p < 0.05) in vitro digestibility of dry matter, crude protein, and neutral detergent fiber after 60 days of ensiling. Overall, these results indicated that the addition of SDA and CAP could ensure the good fermentation quality and improve aerobic stability of TMR silages. By comprehensive consideration, CAP was recommended for improving fermentation quality, aerobic stability, and in vitro rumen digestibility of TMR silages prepared with wet brewers' grains, citric acid residue, and Napier grass.
本研究旨在探讨四种有机酸盐对以柠檬酸渣、湿酒糟和象草制备的全混合日粮（TMR）青贮饲料发酵品质、有氧稳定性和体外瘤胃消化率的影响。TMR青贮时添加以下物质：（1）不添加任何添加剂（对照），（2）0.1%苯甲酸钠（SB），（3）0.1%山梨酸钾（PS），（4）0.5%双乙酸钠（SDA），（5）0.5%丙酸钙（CAP），均以鲜重计。青贮60天后打开所有10升的青贮窖，测定发酵特性和体外瘤胃消化率，然后进行为期9天的有氧稳定性试验。与对照相比，四种有机酸盐显著（p<0.05）提高了干物质含量、乳酸菌数量，降低了乙醇含量和酵母菌数量。青贮60天后，与其他TMR青贮饲料相比，SDA和CAP显著（p<0.05）提高了水溶性碳水化合物、乳酸和粗蛋白含量，降低了pH值、氨态氮、中性洗涤纤维和半纤维素含量。与对照相比，有机酸盐显著（p<0.05）延长了有氧稳定时间，显著（p<0.05）提高了累积产气量和潜在产气量。SDA和CAP处理显著（p<0.05）提高了有氧稳定性，表现为乳酸和水溶性碳水化合物含量较高（p<0.05），pH值、氨态氮、乙醇含量和酵母菌数量较低（p<0.05）。SDA和CAP处理显著（p<0.05）提高了体外瘤胃参数，表现为青贮60天后干物质、粗蛋白和中性洗涤纤维的体外消化率较高（p<0.05）。总体而言，这些结果表明，添加SDA和CAP可以确保TMR青贮饲料具有良好的发酵品质，并提高其有氧稳定性。综合考虑，推荐使用CAP来改善以湿酒糟、柠檬酸渣和象草制备的TMR青贮饲料的发酵品质、有氧稳定性和体外瘤胃消化率。
