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甘丙肽能系统：癌症治疗的一个靶点。

The Galaninergic System: A Target for Cancer Treatment.

作者信息

Sánchez Manuel Lisardo, Coveñas Rafael

机构信息

Laboratorio de Neuroanatomía de los Sistema Peptidérgicos (Lab. 14), Instituto de Neurociencias de Castilla y León (INCYL), Universidad de Salamanca, c/Pintor Fernando Gallego 1, 37007 Salamanca, Spain.

Grupo GIR USAL: BMD (Bases Moleculares del Desarrollo), University of Salamanca, 37007 Salamanca, Spain.

出版信息

Cancers (Basel). 2022 Aug 1;14(15):3755. doi: 10.3390/cancers14153755.

DOI:10.3390/cancers14153755
PMID:35954419
原文链接:https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC9367524/
Abstract

The aim of this review is to show the involvement of the galaninergic system in neuroendocrine (phaeochromocytomas, insulinomas, neuroblastic tumors, pituitary tumors, small-cell lung cancer) and non-neuroendocrine (gastric cancer, colorectal cancer, head and neck squamous cell carcinoma, glioma) tumors. The galaninergic system is involved in tumorigenesis, invasion/migration of tumor cells and angiogenesis, and this system has been correlated with tumor size/stage/subtypes, metastasis and recurrence rate. In the galaninergic system, epigenetic mechanisms have been related with carcinogenesis and recurrence rate. Galanin (GAL) exerts both proliferative and antiproliferative actions in tumor cells. GAL receptors (GALRs) mediate different signal transduction pathways and actions, depending on the particular G protein involved and the tumor cell type. In general, the activation of GALR promoted an antiproliferative effect, whereas the activation of GALR induced antiproliferative or proliferative actions. GALRs could be used in certain tumors as therapeutic targets and diagnostic markers for treatment, prognosis and surgical outcome. The current data show the importance of the galaninergic system in the development of certain tumors and suggest future potential clinical antitumor applications using GAL agonists or antagonists.

摘要

本综述的目的是展示甘丙肽能系统在神经内分泌肿瘤（嗜铬细胞瘤、胰岛素瘤、神经母细胞瘤、垂体瘤、小细胞肺癌）和非神经内分泌肿瘤（胃癌、结直肠癌、头颈部鳞状细胞癌、神经胶质瘤）中的作用。甘丙肽能系统参与肿瘤发生、肿瘤细胞的侵袭/迁移和血管生成，并且该系统已与肿瘤大小/分期/亚型、转移及复发率相关联。在甘丙肽能系统中，表观遗传机制与致癌作用和复发率有关。甘丙肽（GAL）在肿瘤细胞中发挥增殖和抗增殖作用。甘丙肽受体（GALRs）介导不同的信号转导途径和作用，这取决于所涉及的特定G蛋白和肿瘤细胞类型。一般来说，GALR的激活促进抗增殖作用，而GALR的激活则诱导抗增殖或增殖作用。GALRs在某些肿瘤中可作为治疗靶点以及用于治疗、预后和手术结果的诊断标志物。目前的数据表明甘丙肽能系统在某些肿瘤发生发展中的重要性，并提示未来使用GAL激动剂或拮抗剂的潜在临床抗肿瘤应用。

https://cdn.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/blobs/c805/9367524/97140eddcf32/cancers-14-03755-g007.jpg
https://cdn.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/blobs/c805/9367524/a7d4db6e00d3/cancers-14-03755-g001.jpg
https://cdn.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/blobs/c805/9367524/2ae1ff2ba0c7/cancers-14-03755-g002.jpg
https://cdn.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/blobs/c805/9367524/80ab9d9796b4/cancers-14-03755-g003.jpg
https://cdn.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/blobs/c805/9367524/cafa2bf1427c/cancers-14-03755-g004.jpg
https://cdn.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/blobs/c805/9367524/c353b472ea07/cancers-14-03755-g005.jpg
https://cdn.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/blobs/c805/9367524/2ea848902f91/cancers-14-03755-g006.jpg
https://cdn.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/blobs/c805/9367524/97140eddcf32/cancers-14-03755-g007.jpg
https://cdn.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/blobs/c805/9367524/a7d4db6e00d3/cancers-14-03755-g001.jpg
https://cdn.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/blobs/c805/9367524/2ae1ff2ba0c7/cancers-14-03755-g002.jpg
https://cdn.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/blobs/c805/9367524/80ab9d9796b4/cancers-14-03755-g003.jpg
https://cdn.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/blobs/c805/9367524/cafa2bf1427c/cancers-14-03755-g004.jpg
https://cdn.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/blobs/c805/9367524/c353b472ea07/cancers-14-03755-g005.jpg
https://cdn.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/blobs/c805/9367524/2ea848902f91/cancers-14-03755-g006.jpg
https://cdn.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/blobs/c805/9367524/97140eddcf32/cancers-14-03755-g007.jpg

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