School of Automotive and Mechanical Engineering, Changsha University of Science and Technology, Changsha 410114, China.
College of Mechanical and Vehicle Engineering, Hunan University, Changsha 410082, China.
Int J Environ Res Public Health. 2022 Aug 3;19(15):9529. doi: 10.3390/ijerph19159529.
A crucial factor, route familiarity, can affect traffic safety. Nevertheless, focus on the influence of route familiarity on drivers' eye fixations at urban intersections has received less attention. Identifying the real-world effect of route familiarity on drivers' eye fixations at urban intersections in Changsha, China, was the objective of this study. Their visual fixation indicators were recorded while unfamiliar drivers and familiar drivers drove a 9 km-long route with nine intersections in an urban environment, but their effectiveness was indicated by the data collected 150 m before the lane stop and 50 m after the lane stop at these intersections. From the analysis of the extracted data, the results indicated that route familiarity could influence drivers' processing times in the left window (LW) and other areas (OT). Compared with familiar drivers, unfamiliar drivers had longer processing times and higher mental workloads for the right front (RF). For the vehicle's front (RF, FL, FR), the sampling rates and mental workloads of unfamiliar drivers were higher than those of familiar drivers, but it was the opposite for the driver's sides (LW, RW) and rear (LM, RM, ReM). It was also indicated that the phenomenon said to increase familiarity with the route and make drivers more likely to be distracted in urban intersections had not been found. From the present findings, the effect of route familiarity on drivers' eye fixations at urban intersections was confirmed. The high accident risk of familiar drivers could be partly explained by the decrement in drivers' eye fixation strategies. However, the strategies could not account for the phenomenon that more familiar drivers are involved in rear-end accidents. Therefore, the reason can be investigated based on drivers' visual scanning strategies, their physiological signals and driving behavior in the future.
一个关键因素，即路线熟悉度，可以影响交通安全。然而，对于路线熟悉度对驾驶员在城市交叉口的眼动注视的影响的关注较少。本研究的目的是确定在中国长沙的城市环境中，路线熟悉度对驾驶员在城市交叉口的眼动注视的实际影响。在这些交叉口处，当不熟悉路线的驾驶员和熟悉路线的驾驶员在 9 公里长的路线上行驶时，记录了他们的视觉注视指标，但数据的有效性是通过在车道停止前 150 米和停止后 50 米处收集的。从提取数据的分析结果表明，路线熟悉度可以影响驾驶员在左窗（LW）和其他区域（OT）的处理时间。与熟悉路线的驾驶员相比，不熟悉路线的驾驶员对右前（RF）的处理时间更长，心理工作量更大。对于车辆的前部（RF、FL、FR），不熟悉驾驶员的采样率和心理工作量高于熟悉驾驶员，但对于驾驶员的侧面（LW、RW）和后部（LM、RM、ReM）则相反。还表明，在城市交叉口，随着对路线的熟悉度增加，驾驶员更容易分心的现象并没有出现。根据目前的研究结果，证实了路线熟悉度对驾驶员在城市交叉口的眼动注视的影响。熟悉路线的驾驶员发生事故的风险较高，这可以部分解释为驾驶员眼动注视策略的下降。然而，这种策略并不能解释为什么更多熟悉路线的驾驶员会卷入追尾事故。因此，未来可以根据驾驶员的视觉扫描策略、生理信号和驾驶行为来调查这一现象的原因。
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