Automotive and Mechanical Engineering, Changsha University of Science & Technology, Changsha, China.
Hunan Province Key Laboratory of Safety Design and Reliability Technology for Engineering Vehicle, Changsha University of Science & Technology, Changsha, China.
Traffic Inj Prev. 2020;21(4):283-287. doi: 10.1080/15389588.2020.1747614. Epub 2020 Apr 16.
Traffic deaths involving e-bike (electric bike) riders are increasing in China. This study aims to quantitatively investigate the association between e-bike rider casualty and impact speed in electric bike-passenger vehicle collisions based on China in-depth accident study data. According to the collision location and driving direction of the e-bike and the vehicle, electric bike-passenger vehicle collisions are divided into five collision types: frontal collision, e-bike side collision, vehicle side collision, scrape collision and rear-end collision. Since e-bike side collision (the side of e-bike impacted with the front of vehicle) is the leading type and has the highest likelihood of severe or fatal injury in all collision types, e-bike side collisions are further selected to build the casualty risk functions of e-bike rider in relation to the rider age and the impact speed (vehicle impact speed and e-bike impact speed). The analysis results show that, as for e-bike side collisions and e-bike impact speed is 20 km/h, the fatality risk of riders is approximately 2.9% at vehicle impact speed of 30 km/h, 23% at 50 km/h, 50% at 60 km/h, and 90% at 80 km/h. Rider age is also significantly associated with a higher risk of severe and fatality injury. The e-bike impact speed is not significantly associated with the severe and fatality risk in e-bike side collisions. The findings of this study provide meaningful insights to formulate effective policies especially for speed limit management to improve the safety of e-bikes.
中国涉及电动自行车（电动自行车）骑手的交通死亡人数正在增加。本研究旨在根据中国深入事故研究数据，定量研究电动自行车骑手伤亡与电动自行车-汽车碰撞中碰撞速度的关系。根据电动自行车和车辆的碰撞位置和行驶方向，电动自行车-汽车碰撞分为五种碰撞类型：正面碰撞、电动自行车侧面碰撞、车辆侧面碰撞、刮擦碰撞和追尾碰撞。由于电动自行车侧面碰撞（电动自行车被撞击的一侧与车辆的前部相撞）是主要类型，并且在所有碰撞类型中都有最高的重伤或致命伤可能性，因此进一步选择电动自行车侧面碰撞来建立与骑手年龄和碰撞速度（车辆碰撞速度和电动自行车碰撞速度）相关的电动自行车骑手伤亡风险函数。分析结果表明，对于电动自行车侧面碰撞和电动自行车碰撞速度为 20km/h，当车辆碰撞速度为 30km/h 时，骑手的死亡风险约为 2.9%，50km/h 时为 23%，60km/h 时为 50%，80km/h 时为 90%。骑手年龄也与重伤和致命伤的风险增加显著相关。电动自行车碰撞速度与电动自行车侧面碰撞的重伤和致命风险无显著相关性。本研究的结果为制定有效的政策提供了有意义的见解，特别是限速管理，以提高电动自行车的安全性。
