Andrzejewski Jacek, Markowski Mateusz, Barczewski Mateusz
Polymer Processing Division, Institute of Materials Technology, Faculty of Mechanical Engineering, Poznan University of Technology, Piotrowo 3 Str., 61-138 Poznan, Poland.
MATRIX Students Club, Polymer Processing Division, Institute of Materials Technology, Poznan University of Technology, Piotrowo 3 Str., 61-138 Poznan, Poland.
Materials (Basel). 2022 Jul 27;15(15):5205. doi: 10.3390/ma15155205.
The subject of the presented research focuses on a comparative assessment of three types of polymer fillers used to modify highly crystalline poly(lactic acid) PLA intended for the FDM technique. The aim of the presented work was to determine the performance of the developed materials. The key aspect of the work was the use of polymer fillers of three different types. Nano-sized montmorillonite (MMT), biobased biocarbon (BC) and mineral talc. The several types of composites were prepared using extrusion technique. The maximum content for BC and talc filler was limited to 20 wt%, while for MMT it was 5 wt%. Prepared samples were subjected to detailed material analysis including mechanical tests (tensile, flexural, Charpy), thermal analysis (DSC, DMTA), HDT/Vicat tests and structure analysis. The results of the test confirmed that even relatively small amount of nano-type filler can be more efficient than micrometric particles. The used type of matrix was highly crystalline PLA, which resulted in a significant nucleation effect of the crystalline structure. However, thermomechanical tests revealed no improvement in thermal resistance. Microscopic survey confirmed that for MMT and talc filler the structure anisotropy was leading to more favorable properties, especially when compared to structures based on spherical BC particles.
本研究的主题聚焦于对三种用于改性适用于熔融沉积成型（FDM）技术的高结晶聚乳酸（PLA）的聚合物填料进行比较评估。本研究的目的是确定所开发材料的性能。该研究的关键方面是使用三种不同类型的聚合物填料。纳米级蒙脱石（MMT）、生物基生物炭（BC）和矿物滑石粉。使用挤出技术制备了几种类型的复合材料。BC和滑石粉填料的最大含量限制为20重量%，而MMT的最大含量为5重量%。对制备的样品进行了详细的材料分析，包括力学测试（拉伸、弯曲、夏比冲击）、热分析（DSC、DMTA）、热变形温度/维卡软化温度测试和结构分析。测试结果证实，即使是相对少量的纳米型填料也可能比微米级颗粒更有效。所使用的基体类型是高结晶PLA，这导致了晶体结构的显著成核效应。然而，热机械测试表明耐热性没有提高。微观观察证实，对于MMT和滑石粉填料，结构各向异性导致了更有利的性能，特别是与基于球形BC颗粒的结构相比时。
