Kaurin Tea, Pušić Tanja, Dekanić Tihana, Flinčec Grgac Sandra
Faculty of Textile Technology, University of Zagreb, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia.
Materials (Basel). 2022 Aug 4;15(15):5373. doi: 10.3390/ma15155373.
Proban is a multiphase treatment of cotton fabrics based on the formation of pre-condensates using the flame retardant (FR) agent tetrakis (hydroxymethyl) phosphonium salts (THPx). The assessment of the durability of a product demands a preliminary understanding of how relevant it is to extend its lifetime. It is therefore important to minimize the risk of agents impacting: (1) the protection level, (2) shape and dimensions, and (3) additional comfort characteristics of the fabric. This research focused on the impact of washing conditions on the durability of FR properties and appearance of Proban cotton fabrics, which was systematically arranged through the variation in the chemistry distribution in the Sinner's circle. The chemical share was varied in laboratory conditions as a simulation of industrial washing based on component dosing, where the temperature, time and mechanical agitation were constant. The washing of cotton fabrics was performed through 10 cycles in four baths containing high alkali components, medium alkali components, high alkali reference detergent and water. The environmental acceptability of washing procedures through effluent analysis was assessed by physico-chemical and organic indicators. The limited oxygen index (LOI), calorimetric parameters (micro combustion calorimetry), thermal stability and evolved gases during thermal decomposition (thermogravimetric analyzer (TGA) coupled with an infrared spectrometer (TG-IR)), surface examination (FE-SEM), spectral characteristics and pH of the aqueous extract of the fabrics before and after 10 washing cycles were selected for proof of durability. The medium alkali bath was confirmed as a washing concept for Proban cotton fabric through the preservation of FR properties examined through LOI, TGA, TG-IR and MCC parameters and appearance color and low level of fibrillation.
Proban是一种对棉织物进行多阶段处理的方法，它基于使用阻燃剂（FR）四羟甲基鏻盐（THPx）形成预缩合物。对产品耐久性的评估需要初步了解延长其使用寿命的相关性。因此，将试剂对以下方面产生影响的风险降至最低很重要：（1）防护水平，（2）形状和尺寸，以及（3）织物的其他舒适特性。本研究聚焦于洗涤条件对Proban棉织物FR性能耐久性和外观的影响，通过辛纳圈中化学分布的变化进行系统安排。在实验室条件下，基于成分添加模拟工业洗涤来改变化学组成，其中温度、时间和机械搅拌保持恒定。棉织物在含有高碱成分、中碱成分、高碱参比洗涤剂和水的四个浴中进行10个循环的洗涤。通过废水分析评估洗涤程序的环境可接受性，采用物理化学和有机指标。选择有限氧指数（LOI）、量热参数（微燃烧量热法）、热稳定性以及热分解过程中释放的气体（热重分析仪（TGA）与红外光谱仪（TG-IR）联用）、表面检查（场发射扫描电子显微镜（FE-SEM））、光谱特性以及织物在10次洗涤循环前后水提取物的pH值来证明耐久性。通过通过LOI、TGA、TG-IR和MCC参数以及外观颜色和低水平的原纤化所检测到的FR性能的保留情况，确认中碱浴是Proban棉织物的一种洗涤方案。
