Division of Oncology, The Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA.
Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA.
Int J Mol Sci. 2022 Aug 2;23(15):8600. doi: 10.3390/ijms23158600.
Immunotherapy has transformed the treatment of hematologic malignancies in the past two decades. The treatment of acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL), in particular, has been highly impacted by multiple novel immunotherapies. For pediatric patients with T-cell malignancies, translating immunotherapies has proved more challenging due to the complexities of fratricide, risk of product contamination with malignant cells, and concerns over T-cell aplasia. Despite these hurdles, many creative and promising strategies are on the horizon. We review challenges in the development of immunotherapy for T-cell malignancies, strategies to overcome these challenges, as well as therapies currently being investigated and starting to reach the clinic. Immunotherapy will hopefully successfully treat patients with relapsed and refractory T-cell malignancies and may someday be incorporated in up-front protocols in order to prevent relapses.
免疫疗法在过去二十年中改变了血液系统恶性肿瘤的治疗方法。特别是多种新型免疫疗法对急性淋巴细胞白血病（ALL）的治疗产生了重大影响。对于患有 T 细胞恶性肿瘤的儿科患者，由于同系杀伤、产品污染恶性细胞的风险以及对 T 细胞发育不良的担忧，转化免疫疗法证明更具挑战性。尽管存在这些障碍，但许多富有创意和前途光明的策略正在出现。我们回顾了 T 细胞恶性肿瘤免疫疗法发展面临的挑战、克服这些挑战的策略，以及目前正在研究并开始进入临床的疗法。免疫疗法有望成功治疗复发和难治性 T 细胞恶性肿瘤的患者，并且有朝一日可能被纳入初始方案以预防复发。
