肯尼亚青少年报告的家庭粮食不安全状况以及青少年较差的身心健康与食物不足问题
Adolescent-Reported Household Food Insecurity and Adolescents' Poor Mental and Physical Health and Food Insufficiency in Kenya.
作者信息
McRell Amanda S, Fram Maryah S, Frongillo Edward A
机构信息
College of Social Work, University of South Carolina, Columbia, SC, USA.
Arnold School of Public Health, University of South Carolina, Columbia, SC, USA.
出版信息
Curr Dev Nutr. 2022 Jul 9;6(8):nzac117. doi: 10.1093/cdn/nzac117. eCollection 2022 Aug.
BACKGROUND
Assessing adolescents' experiences of food insecurity in households is important for promoting healthy development. Although parental reports have been traditionally used, emerging research highlights the importance of child and adolescent reports of the household food environment.
OBJECTIVES
Extending research from high- and upper-middle-income countries, this study of adolescent compared with adult reports of household food insecurity in Kenya, a lower-middle-income country, examined ) prevalence of and correspondence between adolescent and adult reports of household food insecurity, and ) associations of adolescent and adult reports of household food insecurity with adolescent nonnutritional and nutritional outcomes.
METHODS
Using data from the Kenya Violence Against Children Surveys ( = 1182), we assessed prevalence of household food insecurity reported by adolescents (ages 13-17 y) and adults, with McNemar χ and κ analysis of correspondence between reports. Ordinal and binary logistic regression assessed associations between adolescent and adult reports and adolescent mental health and self-rated physical health and food sufficiency outcomes.
RESULTS
Household food insecurity was reported by 36% of adolescents and 63% of adults; 36% of adult reports were discordant with adolescent reports (κ = 0.333). Odds of adolescent mental health difficulties were highest with adolescent-only report (OR = 2.11, = 0.02), followed by adult and adolescent (OR = 1.83, = 0.001) and adult-only (OR = 1.06, = 0.77) report. Odds of poor adolescent self-rated physical health were highest with adult and adolescent report (OR = 2.47, < 0.001) followed by adolescent-only (OR = 2.04, = 0.08) and adult-only (OR = 1.37, = 0.20) report. Odds of adolescents eating ≤1 meals the previous day were highest with adult and adolescent (OR = 21.38, < 0.001) followed by adult-only (OR = 7.44, = 0.01) and adolescent-only (OR = 2.31, = 0.34) report.
CONCLUSIONS
Measuring household food insecurity with both adolescent report and adult report is important for having a comprehensive understanding of household resources and needs and of the nonnutritional (mental and physical health) and nutritional (diet and food) outcomes of household food insecurity for adolescents.
背景
评估青少年在家庭中粮食不安全的经历对于促进其健康发展至关重要。虽然传统上使用家长报告，但新兴研究强调了儿童和青少年对家庭食物环境报告的重要性。
目的
本研究将高收入和中高收入国家的研究进行拓展，在一个低收入中等收入国家肯尼亚，比较青少年与成年人对家庭粮食不安全的报告，研究内容包括：）青少年和成年人对家庭粮食不安全报告的患病率及一致性，以及）青少年和成年人对家庭粮食不安全的报告与青少年非营养和营养结果之间的关联。
方法
利用肯尼亚儿童暴力调查（=1182）的数据，我们评估了青少年（13-17岁）和成年人报告的家庭粮食不安全患病率，并通过McNemar χ检验和κ分析来评估报告之间的一致性。有序和二元逻辑回归评估青少年和成年人报告与青少年心理健康、自我评估的身体健康和食物充足结果之间的关联。
结果
36%的青少年和63%的成年人报告家庭粮食不安全；36%的成年人报告与青少年报告不一致（κ = 0.333）。仅青少年报告时青少年出现心理健康问题的几率最高（OR = 2.11，= 0.02），其次是成年人与青少年都报告（OR = 1.83，= 0.001）和仅成年人报告（OR = 1.06，= 0.77）。青少年自我评估身体健康差的几率在成年人与青少年都报告时最高（OR = 2.47，< 0.001），其次是仅青少年报告（OR = 2.04，= 0.08）和仅成年人报告（OR = 1.37，= 0.20）。青少年前一天吃饭≤1餐的几率在成年人与青少年都报告时最高（OR = 21.38，< 0.001），其次是仅成年人报告（OR = 7.44,= 0.01）和仅青少年报告（OR = 2.31，= 0.34）。
结论
同时采用青少年报告和成年人报告来衡量家庭粮食不安全状况，对于全面了解家庭资源和需求以及家庭粮食不安全对青少年的非营养（心理和身体健康）和营养（饮食和食物）结果非常重要。
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