Alorfi Nasser M, Alourfi Mansour Marzouq
Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, College of Pharmacy, Umm Al-Qura University, Makkah, Saudi Arabia.
Internal Medicine Department, King Faisal Medical City for Southern Region, Abha, Saudi Arabia.
Biologics. 2022 Aug 5;16:119-127. doi: 10.2147/BTT.S367675. eCollection 2022.
Immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICI) are treatments for several cancer types. Pathogenesis of ICI-induced colitis is not yet clearly explained as it can be disguised as another form such as inflammatory bowel disease or IBD. Recent studies revealed that ICI-induced colitis is a unique form of colitis wherein the synergy of regulatory T cells with the gut microbiome is involved. Diagnosis of colitis can be done via endoscopic lesions and histopathological methods. A patient with colitis can be compared with someone who has IBD. Initial treatment is a corticosteroid. Cooperation between gastroenterologists and oncologists is required to understand further the complete diagnosis and management of different behaviors of ICI-induced colitis. Although immunotherapy provides breakthroughs in treating cancer, adverse effects cannot be prevented and have to be carefully addressed. This study aimed to discuss different biologic therapeutic perspectives in treating refractory immune checkpoint inhibitor-induced colitis. This review provided guidelines, challenges, and suggested protocols for drug immunosuppression.
免疫检查点抑制剂（ICI）是多种癌症类型的治疗方法。ICI诱导的结肠炎的发病机制尚未得到明确解释，因为它可能被伪装成另一种形式，如炎症性肠病或IBD。最近的研究表明，ICI诱导的结肠炎是一种独特的结肠炎形式，其中调节性T细胞与肠道微生物群之间存在协同作用。结肠炎的诊断可以通过内镜病变和组织病理学方法进行。患有结肠炎的患者可以与患有IBD的患者进行比较。初始治疗是使用皮质类固醇。胃肠病学家和肿瘤学家之间需要合作，以进一步了解ICI诱导的结肠炎不同行为的完整诊断和管理。尽管免疫疗法在癌症治疗方面取得了突破，但不良反应无法预防，必须谨慎处理。本研究旨在探讨治疗难治性免疫检查点抑制剂诱导的结肠炎的不同生物治疗观点。本综述提供了药物免疫抑制的指南、挑战和建议方案。
