Hollick Jason R, Kubota Chieri
Department of Horticulture and Crop Science, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, United States.
Front Plant Sci. 2022 Jul 22;13:921440. doi: 10.3389/fpls.2022.921440. eCollection 2022.
Vegetable grafting has been applied to fruiting crops, yet only to a limited extent in leafy greens and herbs which may also benefit from grafting. In this study, we examined the effect of reciprocal grafting two sweet basil ( L.) cultivars of differing vigor on plant growth and leaf mineral nutrient concentration to test whether differences in growth exist due to grafting and whether such differences are due to altered plant nutrient status in two trials. Two cultivars 'Nufar' (NU), a high vigor cultivar, and 'Dolce Fresca' (DF), a cultivar developed for compact growth, were selected. Four grafted treatments (scion/rootstock) were created by self-grafting (NU/NU and DF/DF) and reciprocal inter-cultivar grafting (DF/NU and NU/DF). Un-grafted plants (ug-NU and ug-DF) served as controls. Following grafting, plants were grown for 26 or 21 days in a greenhouse. DF rootstocks decreased NU shoot dry mass (19-29%) and stem length (12%) compared to ug-NU in both trials, while dry root mass was reduced (28%) in the second trial. In contrast, NU rootstocks did not affect DF growth in the first trial but significantly decreased dry shoot (18%) and root (31%) mass, compared to ug-DF in the second. Concentration of most inorganic nutrients examined was affected by both rootstock and scion genotype. For NU scions, DF rootstocks resulted in significantly higher (5-29%) levels of nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium, calcium, magnesium, sulfur, copper, and zinc in leaf tissue than ug-NU. For DF scions, NU rootstocks resulted in significantly higher (7-9%) levels of potassium and phosphorus but significantly lower (11-23%) levels of magnesium, sulfur, boron, copper, and zinc when compared to ug-DF. Results of this study show that inter-cultivar grafting sweet basil using a more vigorous cultivar as a rootstock did not enhance the growth of a less vigorous scion and reduced concentrations of certain nutrients. However, grafting a vigorous scion to a less vigorous rootstock reduced shoot growth but generally increased nutrient concentrations. This suggests that changes in growth in grafted basil are not due to altered nutrient status. Further research is needed to determine specific physiological processes influencing grafted basil growth.
蔬菜嫁接已应用于结果类作物，但在叶菜类和草本植物中的应用程度有限，而这些植物也可能从嫁接中受益。在本研究中，我们研究了将两个活力不同的甜罗勒（L.）品种进行相互嫁接对植株生长和叶片矿质养分浓度的影响，以测试在两个试验中，嫁接是否会导致生长差异，以及这种差异是否归因于植物养分状况的改变。选择了两个品种，一个是高活力品种‘Nufar’（NU），另一个是为紧凑生长而培育的品种‘Dolce Fresca’（DF）。通过自嫁接（NU/NU和DF/DF）和品种间相互嫁接（DF/NU和NU/DF）创建了四种嫁接处理（接穗/砧木）。未嫁接的植株（ug-NU和ug-DF）作为对照。嫁接后，植株在温室中生长26天或21天。在两个试验中，与ug-NU相比，DF砧木使NU接穗的地上部干质量降低了19%-29%，茎长降低了12%，而在第二个试验中，根干质量降低了28%。相反，在第一个试验中，NU砧木对DF的生长没有影响，但在第二个试验中与ug-DF相比，显著降低了地上部干质量（18%）和根干质量（31%）。所检测的大多数无机养分的浓度受砧木和接穗基因型的影响。对于NU接穗，DF砧木使叶片组织中的氮、磷、钾、钙、镁、硫、铜和锌水平显著高于ug-NU（5%-29%）。对于DF接穗，与ug-DF相比，NU砧木使钾和磷水平显著升高（7%-9%），但镁、硫、硼、铜和锌水平显著降低（11%-23%）。本研究结果表明，以活力较强的品种作为砧木进行甜罗勒品种间嫁接，并不会促进活力较弱接穗的生长，反而会降低某些养分的浓度。然而，将活力较强的接穗嫁接到活力较弱的砧木上会减少地上部生长，但通常会增加养分浓度。这表明嫁接罗勒生长的变化并非由于养分状况的改变所致。需要进一步研究以确定影响嫁接罗勒生长的具体生理过程。
