Department of Environmental Hygiene, School of Public Health, Weifang Medical University, Weifang, China.
Department of Ophthalmology, Weifang Eye Hospital, Weifang, China.
Front Public Health. 2022 Jul 25;10:924566. doi: 10.3389/fpubh.2022.924566. eCollection 2022.
This study aimed to determine the prevalence of myopia among school-aged children and adolescents at the whole city level of Weifang, China.
This study was a large scale school-based cross-sectional study among children and adolescents aged 5-20 years old. Participants were selected by the school-based registration system in 2020. All the subjects underwent spherical equivalent (SE) error with non-cycloplegic autorefraction measurement. Myopia was defined as an SE refraction of ≤-0.75 diopters (D) and graded into low myopia (-0.75 to -3.00 D), moderate myopia (-3.01 to -5.99 D), and high myopia (≤-6.00 D).
A total of 1,059,838 participants were eligible for this survey and 1,013,206 (95.6% participation rate) were selected through data quality control, which comprised 17 districts/counties and 1,254 schools, including 861 elementary schools, 313 middle schools, and 80 high schools. The mean age of participants was 11.57 ± 3.36 years (5-20 years), and the male-to-female ratio was 1.11. The whole city-level prevalence of total myopia was 75.35%. The prevalence of total myopia among the students in the Hanting District was 45.47%, but ≈82.37% of students living in Changyi have myopia. The overall prevalence of low myopia in elementary, middle, and high school students was 48.56, 47.30, and 31.62%, respectively, while high myopia (SE ≤ -6.00 D) prevalence was 1.12, 8.89, and 20.12%, respectively. The overall prevalence of myopia increased fastest in children aged 7-9 years old. The prevalence of high myopia was 7.59% for girls and 6.43% for boys, respectively ( < 0.001). The prevalence of myopia increased with increasing age and grade, but SE decreased with increasing age and grade.
The current investigation demonstrated a high proportion of myopia among school students in the city of Weifang, and gradually increased with age, and the prevalence of myopia was the highest in Changyi areas. The high myopia prevalence for girls was higher than that in boys.
本研究旨在确定中国潍坊市全市范围内学龄儿童和青少年近视的患病率。
这是一项针对 5-20 岁儿童和青少年的大规模基于学校的横断面研究。参与者通过 2020 年的基于学校的注册系统进行选择。所有受试者均接受非睫状肌麻痹自动折射测量的球镜等效（SE）误差。近视定义为 SE 屈光度数≤-0.75 屈光度（D），并分为低度近视（-0.75 至-3.00 D）、中度近视（-3.01 至-5.99 D）和高度近视（≤-6.00 D）。
共有 1059838 名参与者符合本调查条件，通过数据质量控制后，有 1013206 名（95.6%的参与率）参与者被选中，其中包括 17 个区/县和 1254 所学校，包括 861 所小学、313 所中学和 80 所高中。参与者的平均年龄为 11.57±3.36 岁（5-20 岁），男女比例为 1.11。全市总近视患病率为 75.35%。汉庭区学生总近视患病率为 45.47%，但昌邑地区约 82.37%的学生患有近视。小学生、中学生和高中生的低度近视总患病率分别为 48.56%、47.30%和 31.62%，高度近视（SE≤-6.00 D）的患病率分别为 1.12%、8.89%和 20.12%。7-9 岁儿童近视患病率增长最快。女生高度近视患病率为 7.59%，男生为 6.43%（<0.001）。近视患病率随年龄和年级的增长而逐渐增加，而 SE 则随年龄和年级的增长而降低。
目前的调查显示，潍坊市学生近视比例较高，且随年龄增长而逐渐增加，近视患病率在昌邑地区最高。女生高度近视的患病率高于男生。
