Department of Physiatry and Nursing, Faculty of Health Sciences, 16765Universidad de Zaragoza, Zaragoza, Spain.
Institute of Health Research of Aragón (IIS Aragón), Zaragoza, Spain.
J Appl Gerontol. 2022 Dec;41(12):2435-2446. doi: 10.1177/07334648221120080. Epub 2022 Aug 12.
During adulthood, we spend most of our time and efforts at work. However, the impact of employment in aging is poorly explored. Our study addressed how job demands can affect aging after retirement. We have developed a descriptive observational study carried out in 367 older adults with a mean age of 73.9 years (66.5% women and 33.5% men), measuring cognition and functional status. Our results demonstrate that older adults who had high mental demands in their jobs, show better scores in cognition. However, they show poor functional development of basic and instrumental activities of daily life (p< .05). In contrast, former workers who had high physical demands, display lower scores in cognition and lower functional performance in instrumental activities (p< .05). Work life activities contribute to cognitive and physical decline after retirement. Therefore, healthy aging should include interventions that consider the job influence on the age impairment.
在成年期，我们将大部分时间和精力都投入到工作中。然而，就业对衰老的影响还未得到充分探索。我们的研究旨在探讨工作要求如何影响退休后的衰老。我们开展了一项描述性观察研究，纳入了 367 名平均年龄为 73.9 岁的老年人（66.5%为女性，33.5%为男性），测量认知和功能状态。我们的研究结果表明，在工作中脑力要求较高的老年人认知能力得分较好，但日常生活基本活动和工具性活动的功能发育较差（p<.05）。相比之下，体力要求较高的前劳动者认知能力得分较低，工具性活动的功能表现也较差（p<.05）。工作生活活动会导致退休后的认知和身体衰退。因此，健康老龄化应包括干预措施，考虑工作对年龄损伤的影响。
