Cancer Center, Department of Hematology, Zhejiang Provincial People's Hospital, Affiliated People's Hospital, Hangzhou Medical College, 58 Shangtang Road, Hangzhou, 310014, Zhejiang, People's Republic of China.
Department of Clinical Laboratory, Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, 3 East Qingchun Road, Hangzhou, 310016, Zhejiang, People's Republic of China.
Clin Transl Oncol. 2022 Dec;24(12):2319-2329. doi: 10.1007/s12094-022-02917-5. Epub 2022 Aug 13.
Acute myeloid leukemia (AML) is an aggressive type of blood cancer affecting bone marrow (BM). In AML, hematopoietic precursors are arrested in the early stages of development and are defined as the presence of ≥ 20% blasts (leukemia cells) in the BM. Toll-like receptors (TLR) are major groups of pattern recognition receptors expressed by almost all innate immune cells that enable them to detect a wide range of pathogen-associated molecular patterns and damage-associated molecular patterns to prime immune responses toward adaptive immunity. Because TLRs are commonly expressed on transformed immune system cells (ranging from blasts to memory cells), they can be a potential option for developing efficient clinical alternatives in hematologic tumors. This is because several in vitro and in vivo investigations have demonstrated that TLR signaling increased the immunogenicity of AML cells, making them more vulnerable to T cell-mediated invasion. This study aimed to review the current knowledge in this field and provide some insight into the therapeutic potentials of TLRs in AML.
急性髓系白血病（AML）是一种侵袭性的血液癌症，影响骨髓（BM）。在 AML 中，造血前体细胞在早期发育阶段停滞，其特征是 BM 中存在≥20%的blasts（白血病细胞）。Toll 样受体（TLR）是几乎所有固有免疫细胞表达的主要模式识别受体群，使它们能够检测到广泛的病原体相关分子模式和损伤相关分子模式，从而启动针对适应性免疫的免疫反应。因为 TLR 通常在转化的免疫系统细胞（从blasts 到记忆细胞）上表达，所以它们可能是开发血液肿瘤中有效临床替代物的潜在选择。这是因为几项体外和体内研究表明，TLR 信号增加了 AML 细胞的免疫原性，使它们更容易受到 T 细胞介导的侵袭。本研究旨在综述该领域的现有知识，并深入了解 TLR 在 AML 中的治疗潜力。
