Department of Mathematics & Statistics, College of Art and Science, University of South Florida, Tampa, FL, USA.
College of Computing, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA, USA.
J Alzheimers Dis. 2022;89(2):721-731. doi: 10.3233/JAD-220583.
Dysphagia has been reported as an adverse event for patients receiving rivastigmine for Alzheimer's disease (AD) treatment.
The purpose of this study was to determine the association between dysphagia and the usage of rivastigmine by using the pharmacovigilance data from the FDA Adverse Event Reporting System (FAERS).
The risk of dysphagia in patients who took rivastigmine was compared with those of patients who took other medications. In addition, this study sought to determine if the dysphagia risk was influenced by sex, age, dosage, and medication routes of administration.
When compared to patients prescribed donepezil, galantamine, or memantine, individuals prescribed rivastigmine were almost twice as likely to report dysphagia as an adverse event. The dysphagia risk in individuals prescribed rivastigmine is comparable to individuals prescribed penicillamine but significantly higher than clozapine, drugs of which have been previously shown to be associated with elevated dysphagia likelihood. Individuals older than 80 were 122% more likely to report having dysphagia after being prescribed rivastigmine than patients that were 50-70 years of age. Oral administration of rivastigmine was associated with approximately 2 times greater likelihood of reporting dysphagia relative to users of the transdermal patch. In addition, dysphagia showed higher association with pneumonia than other commonly reported adverse events.
Patients prescribed rivastigmine were at greater risk of reporting dysphagia as an adverse event than patients prescribed many other medicines. This increase in dysphagia occurrence may be attributed to the dual inhibition of both acetylcholinesterase and butyrylcholinesterase.
接受利斯的明治疗阿尔茨海默病（AD）的患者报告出现吞咽困难的不良反应。
本研究旨在使用 FDA 不良事件报告系统（FAERS）的药物警戒数据，确定吞咽困难与利斯的明使用之间的关系。
将服用利斯的明的患者发生吞咽困难的风险与服用其他药物的患者进行比较。此外，本研究还试图确定吞咽困难的风险是否受性别、年龄、剂量和给药途径的影响。
与被处方多奈哌齐、加兰他敏或美金刚的患者相比，被处方利斯的明的患者报告吞咽困难作为不良反应的可能性几乎是其两倍。被处方利斯的明的患者发生吞咽困难的风险与被处方青霉胺的患者相当，但明显高于被处方氯氮平的患者，此前已证明这两种药物与吞咽困难的可能性升高相关。与 50-70 岁的患者相比，被处方利斯的明的 80 岁以上的患者报告吞咽困难的可能性高 122%。与使用透皮贴剂的患者相比，口服利斯的明与报告吞咽困难的可能性约增加 2 倍相关。此外，吞咽困难与肺炎的相关性高于其他常见报告的不良反应。
与被处方许多其他药物的患者相比，被处方利斯的明的患者报告吞咽困难作为不良反应的风险更高。这种吞咽困难发生率的增加可能归因于同时抑制乙酰胆碱酯酶和丁酰胆碱酯酶。
