Fu Jia, Liu Yanbo, Zhao Yakun, Chen Yuxiong, Chang Zhenge, Xu Kai-Feng, Fan Zhongjie
Department of Cardiology; Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Beijing, People's Republic of China.
Department of International Medical Services; Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Beijing, People's Republic of China.
J Asthma Allergy. 2022 Aug 6;15:1035-1043. doi: 10.2147/JAA.S367308. eCollection 2022.
Asthma has a major impact on patients' quality of life, mortality, and healthcare burden. Some evidence suggests that environmental factors may trigger asthma. However, there has been limited research on the relationship between air pressure and asthma hospital admissions, especially in China. Thus, we aimed to study the influence of air pressure and identify potentially susceptible populations.
The study data were gathered from hospitalization records with a primary diagnosis of asthma from all secondary and tertiary hospitals in Beijing from January 1, 2013, to December 31, 2016. The study examined the association between the risk of asthma and air pressure using a distributed lag non-linear model (DLNM). We also performed a stratified analysis to identify the susceptible populations.
A total of 23,697 asthma hospital admissions were included in the study. We found that the relative risk (RR) and the 7-day cumulative relative risk (CRR) of asthma had an approximate negative correlation with air pressure. At the same time, we found that the association was most apparent on the day of exposure (lag = 0).
Ambient air pressure had an approximately negative correlation with daily asthma hospital admissions in Beijing, China. That means the risk of hospital admission for asthma would be increased by low air pressure. Furthermore, air pressure has a significant effect on asthma only on the day of exposure. It is possibly significant to protect the vulnerable on days with low air pressure, especially those younger than 65 years.
哮喘对患者的生活质量、死亡率及医疗负担有重大影响。一些证据表明环境因素可能引发哮喘。然而，关于气压与哮喘住院率之间的关系，相关研究较少，在中国尤其如此。因此，我们旨在研究气压的影响并确定潜在的易感人群。
研究数据收集自2013年1月1日至2016年12月31日北京所有二级和三级医院以哮喘作为主要诊断的住院记录。本研究使用分布滞后非线性模型（DLNM）来检验哮喘风险与气压之间的关联。我们还进行了分层分析以确定易感人群。
本研究共纳入23,697例哮喘住院病例。我们发现哮喘的相对风险（RR）和7天累积相对风险（CRR）与气压大致呈负相关。同时，我们发现这种关联在暴露当天（滞后=0）最为明显。
在中国北京，环境气压与每日哮喘住院率大致呈负相关。这意味着低气压会增加哮喘住院风险。此外，气压仅在暴露当天对哮喘有显著影响。在气压较低的日子里保护易感人群，尤其是65岁以下人群，可能具有重要意义。
